updated 04 May 2005
Paul van Rijckevorsel
Preliminary inventory of the extent of Rec 60C.2
The “proposals to amend the Code” made to the Vienna Congress
contain a fair number of proposal aiming to improve the accessibility of the
Section on Orthography. One of the more noticeable projects is to revise Rec.
60C.2 and expand it to become a separate, full Recommendation (proposals
112-158). In judging and implementing the relevant proposals it should be
useful to have some idea of how far the influence of Rec 60C.2 extends. The
prime purpose of this webpage is to try and document the extent to which such
‘latinized forms’ are used. It became practical to effect this only after the
shift in IPNI to present the publication-data on the initial results page.
This can only be a preliminary inventory. Apart from the mere scope of
the project and the difficulty of accessing rare publications, gathering data
is hindered by the fact that epithets themselves are so unrevealing, as to what
they are based on. Many epithets, like martini, richardi, roberti
that appear to be based on a given name are likely to be based on a
surname. Quite a few genitives, such as catharinae, magdalenae, victoriae
are commonly used to link a species to a geographic feature. It also does not
help that the use of one and the same epithet by one and the same author can
have a different base. For example Diplostephium inesianum
Cuatrec.,
1969, is based on a given name (honouring Inés
de Zulueta) while Clusia inesiana Cuatrec., 1950, is named after a
geographical feature (Alto de Santa
Inés). And Crassula aliciae Raym.-Hamet, 1909, is dedicated to Alice Rasse, while Kalanchoe aliciae
Raym.-Hamet, 1910,
is dedicated to Alice Leblanc.
Similarly Dryopteris marthae Alderw., 1911, is named after Martha Backer-Van der Ley, while Polypodium marthae
Alderw., 1914,
honours Martha C.L.Lang.
The results presented here are obviously limited by the scope of IPNI.
Also, these pages concern themselves only with epithets at the specific level.
Epithets at the infraspecific level were only taken into account where this was
convenient. Coverage by IPNI of infraspecific epithets is limited, which
suggests that including these would result in a picture even more skewed than
at the specific level.
This Rec 60C.2 affects two main categories of personal names, which can
be subdivided into lesser categories:
- famous naturalists, known by a Latin surname, a latinized surname or
a surname treated as being Latin (a few such known by their given name).
- traditional given names. In this context “tradition” refers to
tradition among those establishing botanical nomenclature. It is a tradition
that therefore is quite limited in time and place. It was set by relatively few
people, who did not do so independently but who followed a bigger tradition.
Below a preliminary listing is provided of these sets of personal names.
Each listing is followed by a brief discussion. Please note that at this stage
the impact on individual cases in nomenclature is not really taken into
account; this should wait for an analysis of which names are current. At this
stage it is only attempted to establish a broad pattern.
GLOSSARY
Numbers:
[1/2] = one or two
[ut4] = up to four
[ut7] = up to seven
[ut15] = up to fifteen
[ut15+] = about fifteen,
sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, or so
[ut30] = up to thirty
[ut60] = up to sixty
[ut100] = up to a hundred
[ut250] = a great many
Note: numbers were established by eye.
Note: considerable effort was made to avoid counting combinations as if
original epithets, but an occasional combination may well have slipped in (in
the higher counts).
Dictionaries referred to:
Backer = C.A.Backer, 1936. Verklarend woordenboek van wetenschappelijke
plantennamen, Noordhoff NV, Noordhoff-Kolff, Visser &Co, Groningen, Batavia
[ Also available as a recent reprint ]
Eggli = Urs Eggli and Leonard E.Newton, 2004. Etymological dictionary
of Succulent Plant Names, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
Korevaar = Arie de Graaf (ed.), 1983. Wat betekent die naam. Botanisch
Latijn toegankelijk gemaakt, Succulenta [ Revised and expanded from the 1963
original by Korevaar ]
Note: a dictionary is only accepted as an authority if verification in
the original publication looked impractical.
Note: an interesting-looking site (despite many errors) is
http://www.republika.pl/kwiki/wom.html
References available on the internet:
botanists:
http://brimsa.huh.harvard.edu/cms-wb/botanist_index.html
given names, principally:
http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/voornamen/VNB/
with supporting roles for
http://www.rund-ums-baby.de/vornamensuche/
-o or -on (in 3rd declension);
Naturalists
I-A-1 : on -a
Clavenna
(N.Chiavena)
epithet: genitive clavennae [1/2]
Columna
(Fabio Collona, 1567-1650)
epithet: genitive columnae [ut60]
I-A-2a : on -us
[ Bauhinus
(Casper / Gaspard Bauhin, 1560-1624 & Jean / Johannes Bauhin, 1541-1613)
epithet: genitive bauhini
[ut30] versus bauhinii [ut4], plural bauhinorum [1/2]
adjective bauhinianus [1/2] ]
Caesalpinus
(Andrea Cesalpino, 1519-1603)
epithet: genitive caesalpini [ut7], adjective [0]
(Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, 17thC?)
epithet: genitive camerarii [ut4], adjective [0]
Clusius
(Carolus Clusius, Charles de l’Ecluse, 1526-1609)
epithet: genitive clusii [ut100], adjective clusianus [ut60]
[ Cornutus
(Jacques-Philippe Cornut, 1606?-1651)
epithet: cornuti [ut7] ]
Dodonaeus
(Rembert Dodoens)
epithet: dodonaei [ut7]
Rivinus
(Augustus Quirinus Rivinus (Bachmann), 1652-1723)
epithet rivini [ut4], adjective rivinianus [ut7]
(Georg Eberhard Rumphius, Georg Everhard Rumpf, 1627/8-1702)
epithet: genitive rumphii [ut100], adjective rumphianus [ut30]
Tabernaemontanus
(Jacobus Theodorus Tabernaemontanus, Bergzabern)
epithet: tabernaemontani [ut15], adjective [0]
(‘Theophrastos’, T??f??st??, the one and only. Actually a nickname)
epithet: genitive theophrasti [ut15], adjective [0]
(Hieronymus Bock, 1498-1554)
genitive tragi [1/2], adjective [0]
[unverified]
IIa-A-2a : on -us
(Adam Afzelius, 1750-1837)
epithet: genitive afzelii [ut100], adjective afzelianus [ut15]
(Johan Frederik Gronovius, Jan Fredrik Gronovius, 1686-1762)
epithet: genitive gronovii [ut7]
(Carolus Linnaeus, 1707-1778)
epithet: genitive linnaei [ut60], adjective linnaeanus [ut30]
[Note the alternate name, as a noble, Carl von Linné
Rec 60C.1: genitive linnei [ut4+], adjective linneanus [ut7]
Note: none of the names using an epithet in this latter category appear to be current.]
II-A-2b : on -[and]er
Dryander
(Jonas Carlsson Dryander, 1748-1810)
epithet: dryandri [ut7+]
Note: dryanderae [ut15] after Editha Ida Dryander
Note: Marianthus dryandra L.W.Cayzer & Crisp, 2004, after Dryandra State Forest, a noun in apposition as a geographical epithet
Note: Solanum
dryanderense A.R.Bean, 2004, after Mt. Dryander
(Daniel Carl Solander, 1733-1782)
epithet: genitive solandri [ut30] adjective solandriana [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: genitive solanderi
[ut4?]
the genitive or adjective adopted as epithet
II-A-1 : on -a
Balansa
(Benedict Balansa, 1825-1892)
epithet: genitive balansae [many], balansanus [ut7]
Bianca
(Giuseppe Bianca, 1801-1883)
epithet: biancae
[ut7]
Triana
(José Jéronimo Triana, 1834-1890)
epithet: genitive trianae
[ut100], triananus [1/2]
(W.Gueinzius, nineteenth century collector)
Latinized epithet: genitive gueinzii [ut30], adjective gueinzianus [1/2]
Milius
(Commander Pierre le Baron Milius [Eggli])
Latinized epithet: genitive milii [1/2], adjective
[0]
(Reuben Denton Nevius, 1827-1913)
Latinized epithet: genitive nevii [ut4], adjective [0]
Trinius
(Carl Bernhard von Trinius, 1778-1844)
Latinized epithet: genitive trinii [ut30], adjective trinianus [ut7]
Wislizenus
(Frederick Adolph Wislizenus, 1810-1899)
Latinized epithet: genitive wislizeni [ut30], adjective [0]
IIb-A-3 : on -o/on
(M.Saglion [Korevaar] / Joseph Saglio [Eggli])
Latinized epithet: genitive saglionis [ut4], adjective [0]
IIb-B
: usually treated as Latin
(Georg Hans Emmo Wolfgang Hieronymus, 1846-1921)
Latinized epithet: genitive hieronymi [ut100+], adjective [0]
Rec 60C.1: hieronymusii [ut4], adjective [0]
(Carl C. Hosseus, 1878-1950)
Latinized epithet: genitive hossei [ut15+], adjective hosseanus [ut4]
Rec 60C.1: hosseusii [ut15], adjective hosseusianus [ut4]
Martius
(Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, 1794-1868)
Latinized epithet: genitive martii [ut100] adjective martianus [ut250]
Rec 60C.1: genitive martiusii [ut15+] adjective martiusianus [ut15+]
(János Xántus, Janos Xantus de Vesey, John Xantus, 1825-1894)
Latinized epithet: genitive xanti [ut15], adjective xantianus [ut4]
Rec 60C.1: xantusii [1/2]
Bello
(Domingo Bello y Espinosa, 1817-1884)
Latinized epithet: genitive bellonis [ut7], adjective [0]
Rec 60C.1: genitive belloi [1/2], adjective belloanus
(Ludolf Karl Adelbert von Chamisso, Louis Charles Adelaide Chamisseau de Boncourt, 1781-1838)
Latinized epithet: genitive chamissonis [ut100], adjective chamissonianus [ut30]
variants: chamissonii [1/2], chamissois [ut4]
Note:
Miconia chamissois is a name in current use
IIb-C : sometimes treated as Latin
(Henri de la Perraudière)
Epithet: genitive perralderii [1/2] adjective perralderianus [ut4]
Pestalotius
(Pestalozza)
Epithet genitive: pestalotii [1/2], adjective pestalotianus [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: pestalozzae [ut30], adjective pestalozzianus
[1/2, correctly pestalozzanus]
(Rev. Ernst Faber, 1839-1899)
Latinized epithet fabri [ut4, perhaps ut7]
Rec 60C.1: faberi [ut30+]. Note the correctable faberii [ut7]
Note: although the epithet fabri seems a dubious latinization, it is not all that easy to envision a provision that will disallow it, without having undesirable side-effects.
(Carlo Luigi Guiseppe, 1789-1831)
Latinized epithet: genitive berteri [ut15] or berterii [ut60] neither of which is acceptable,
and adjective berterianus [ut100], bertereanus [1/2], berteroanus [ut100], berteronianus [ut30+] of which the last two are accepted?
Rec 60C.1: berteroi [ut30], berteroanus [ut100]
Munro
(Willam Munro, 1818-1889)
Latinized epithet: genitive munronii [ut4] [?],
adjective munronianus [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: munroi [ut30], munroanus [ut15]
Note munronianus can be based on either a second or a third declension latinization. It may be argued that the implicit latinization Munronus (in second declension) is acceptable under Art 60.7 anyway. A curious parallel case in recent nomenclature would be robivelonae apparently based on the ‘implicit latinization’ “Robivelona” of Mme Adrienne Robivelo [Eggli]?
Clarion
(D. Clarion fl. 1807 = ? Jacques Clarion, 1776-1844 ?)
Epithet: clarionis [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: clarioni [1/2]
Ecklon
(Christian Frederik Ecklon, 1795-1868)
Latinized epithet: genitive ecklonis [ut30],
adjective ecklonianus* [ut100]
Rec 60C.1: genitive ecklonii [ut100, including eckloni], adjective ecklonianus* [ut100]
* the
adjective ecklonianus could be formed under either Rec. 60C.1 or 60C.2
(John Richardson, 1787-1865)
Latinized epithet: genitive richardsonis [1/2], richardsonianus* [?]
Rec 60C.1: richardsonii [?], richardsonianus* [?]
III : Personal name with a well-accepted latinization,
and the latinization treated
as a Latin noun:
the genitive or adjective
adopted as epithet
III-A-2a : on -us
Allemanius
/ Allemaovius
(Freire Allemão : Francisco Freire Allemão e Cysneiro,
1797-1874)
(cf Latin “alemanni” = “the German people”, Brazilian “alemão” = “German”)
latinized epithet: genitive allemanii [ut15], adjective allemanianus [1/2].
variant: allemaovii [1/2]
III-B-2a : on -us
(Jacob Bigelow, 1787-1879)
latinized epithet: genitive bigelovii [ut100], adjective bigelovianus [ut4]
Rec 60C.1: bigelowii [unknown but at most ut4]
Bureavius
(Louis Édouard Bureau, 1830-1918)
latinized epithet: genitive bureavii [ut7], adjective bureavianus [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: genitive bureaui [ut4], adjective bureauianus [1/2]
(Auguste François Marie Glaziou, 1828-1906)
latinized epithet: genitive glaziovii [ut250], adjective glaziovianus [ut100]
variants: genitive glaziowii [ut4], adjectives glaziowianus [1/2], glazioveanus [ut4]
Rec 60C.1: genitive glazioui [ut15], adjective glaziouanus [ut4]
III-B-3 : on -o
or -on
Bruno
(Robert Brown [1st], 1773-1858)
It appears to be unclear if this is a latinization (transcribing “Brown” into a more latin-looking spelling), a translation into Latin or latinizing a surname as if a given name. However, it is quite clear that Bruno as a name (Germanic in origin) is of a quite respectable age (perhaps two to three thousands years?). It is well accepted as a Latin form (there is a St.Bruno, ca 1032-1101, author of the Brunonis de bello Saxonico liber). The use of “Bruno” as the Latin equivalent for the surname “Brown” also appears well-established: cf. John Brown (1735-1788) and his writings on medicine.
Latinized epithet: genitive brunonis [ut60], adjective brunonianus [ut100]
Rec 60C.1: genitive brownii [at least 3 [Backer]], adjective brownianus [at least 1 [Backer]]
also genitive roberti [?], adjective robertianus [at least 1 [Backer]] ]
latinized epithet sellovii [ut15-] adjective sellovianus [ut15+]
Rec 60C.1: epithet sellowii [ut100], adjective sellowianus [ut250]
adjective sellous [ut4+], all cases by K.Koch
Bobbi Angell (artist) [1/2] (Mezia angelica W.R.Anderson, 1997)
[
perhaps also Bruno
(Robert Brown [1st], 1773-1858)
It appears to be unclear if this is a latinization (transcribing “Brown” into a more latin-looking spelling), a translation into Latin or latinizing a surname as if a given name. However, it is quite clear that Bruno as a name (Germanic in origin) is of a quite respectable age (perhaps two to three thousands years?). It is well accepted as a Latin form (there is a St.Bruno, ca 1032-1101, perhaps the author of the Brunonis de bello Saxonico liber ?). The use of “Bruno” as the Latin equivalent for the surname “Brown” also appears well-established: cf. John Brown (1735-1788) and his writings on medicine.
Latinized epithet: genitive brunonis [ut60], adjective brunonianus [ut100]
Rec 60C.1: genitive brownii [at least 3 [Backer]], adjective brownianus [at least 1 [Backer]]
also genitive roberti [?], adjective robertianus [at least 1 [Backer]]
]
(David Noble)
epithet nobilis [1/2] presumably a genitive, but possibly an adjective
(Robert Merrill King, 1930- )
genitive regis [ut7]
Toxotes
The Greek noun meaning “archer”, treated in third declension
- Joseph Archer [Eggli] [1/2] (Senecio toxotis C.Jeffrey 1992)
(the classic cases listed above all concern persons born before 1850,
except Hoseus born in 1879)
John J. Lavranos, 1926-
genitive lavrani [ut7]
Epithet:
schomeri [1/2]
[fide
Eggli, unverified]
VI-A : by given
name
(Father Hugh Scallan)
Latinized epithet: genitive hugonis [ut4], adjective hugonianus [ut4]
(Maximilian, Prinz zu Wied, 1782-1867
Maximilian Alexander Philipp Prinz zu Wied, http://www.valdosta.edu/~mgnoll/Prince_Maximilian.htm
,
born as Maximilian Alexander Philipp Graf zu Wied-Neuwied, http://www.zuwied.de/hachenburg/pmw6.htm )
Latinized epithet: genitive maximiliani [ut30], adjective maximilianus [!][ut15]
VI-B-1 : The surname itself
treated as a Latin given name
(R.C.Alexander (Prior), Richard Chandler Alexander Prior, 1809-1902)
Epithet alexandri [ut15]
(Sir James Edward Alexander, 1803-?)
Epithet alexandri [1/2]
(Henri Jacques-Félix, 1907- )
Epithet: felicis [ut15?], also jacques-felicis [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: felixii [ut4?], jacques-felixii [1/2], jacquesii [ut4].
(Georg Hans Emmo Wolfgang Hieronymus, 1846-1921)
Latinized epithet: genitive hieronymi [ut100+], adjective [0]
Rec 60C.1: hieronymusii [ut4], adjective [0] ]
(Eduard Otto, Carlos Friedrich Eduard Otto, 1812-1885;
or his father Friedrich Otto, Christoph Friedrich Otto, 1783-1856).
Epithet: genitive ottonis [ut30+?], adjective ottonianus [ut4]
VI-B-2 : The surname
latinized as if a given name,
into Latin given
name
Gregorius
(J.W.Gregory)
Epithet: genitive gregorii, [ut15-],
adjective gregorianus [ut4]
Rec60C.1: gregoryi [1/2], adjective gregoryanus
[1/2]
(A.C.Gregory, 1818-1905, http://gutenberg.net.au/dictbiog/0-dict-biogG.html#gregory1)
Epithet: genitive gregorii [ut7] adjective
gregorianus [0?]
Note an epithet gregoriae [1/2] after a Mrs Gregory
Note: gregorianus [1/2] after surname McGregor
Matthaeus
(Matthews, unknown, a collector in tropical South America in the first half of the nineteenth century ? )
Latinized epithet: matthaei [ut4] by Naudin and DC.
[
perhaps also Bruno
(Robert Brown [1st], 1773-1858)
It appears to be unclear if this is a latinization (transcribing “Brown” into a more latin-looking spelling), a translation into Latin or latinizing a surname as if a given name. However, it is quite clear that Bruno as a name (Germanic in origin) is of a quite respectable age (perhaps two to three thousands years?). It is well accepted as a Latin form (there is a St.Bruno, ca 1032-1101, perhaps the author of the Brunonis de bello Saxonico liber ?). The use of “Bruno” as the Latin equivalent for the surname “Brown” also appears well-established: cf. John Brown (1735-1788) and his writings on medicine.
Latinized epithet: genitive brunonis [ut60], adjective brunonianus [ut100]
Rec 60C.1: genitive brownii [at least 3 [Backer]], adjective brownianus [at least 1 [Backer]]
also genitive roberti [?], adjective robertianus [at least 1 [Backer]]
]
* * *
Note: In this category there is a sprinkling of individual cases that involve a clear latinization, protected by Art 60.7.
Globba francisci Ridl. (1914) after A.B.C.Francis;
Areca henrici Furtado (1933) after a Mr Heinrich (= seq. ?);
Vaccinium henrici Sleumer (1940) after Gerd Heinrich;
Athyrium sancti-johannis Copel., 1938, after a St.John;
Pitcairnia johannis L.B.Sm. (1955) after Harold St.John.
Limonium stephani Sennen (1936) based on a surname Esteban
According to the Harvard database the collector “Charles” is a “Brother Charles”, so that the actually proposed Calyptranthes caroli Britton & P.Wilson (1920) makes a poor example.
***
In a number of cases such epithets differ only by having the
ending -is instead of -ii. It is dubious if this is such a good
idea.
Cecropia danielis Cuatrec., 1945
Ilex danielis Killip
& Cuatrec., 1955;
Vernonia danielis Cuatrec., 1956, syn Lepidaploa danielis
(Cuatrec.) H.Rob., 1990
Coussapoa danielis Cuatrec., 1956
Aristolochia gabrielis Briq., 1931
Rosa × gabrielis Charbon., 1931
Dendrophthora solomonis Kuijt, 1990
The
first four based on Hermano Daniel (1909-1988), the following two on,
respectively, A.Gabriel, collector in Fr Guyana and a Dr Gabriel. The last is
dedicated to the collector, surely James Solomon.
***
Epithets dedicated to a person are usually based on a surname, but it is possible to base an epithet on a given name (or even a nickname, presumably not something to encourage). Epithets based on a given name are much less popular than epithets base on a surname, presumably because the persons honoured are usually botanists, who take their botany quite seriously and who have a professional relationship with the phytographers who dedicate names to them.
Generally speaking there are three main reasons to base an epithet on a given name rather than a surname.
1) for royal and noble patrons. The best known case of this will be Maximilian, Prinz zu Wied (epithets maximiliani, adjective maximilianus [!]) but note Herzog Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg; Prince Albert; Alexandra, Princess of Wales; Grossherzogin Alice; [King] Boris; Queen Amalia; [King] Ferdinand; [King] Friedrich August II; Herzogin Helena von Aosta; Tsar Nicolai; Therese, Prinzessin von Bayern, etc.
2) for wellknown botanists, as an alternative to using their
surname. For example, in dedicating names to John Gossweiler, Exell, after
coining more than thirty names with the epithet gossweileri, in 1935
published two names using the epithet johannis. The co-authors Exell
& Mendoca reverted to gossweileri, but in 1952 again coined one name
with the epithet johannis. Similarly when Limpricht needed to publish a
replacement name for Pedicularis dielsiana he found inspiration in the
given name of the person honoured (Friedrich Ludwig Emil Diels) and coined Pedicularis
ludovici (1924). Similarly
Maxillaria friderici-caroli P.Ortiz, 1991, is a nomen novum for Ornithidium lehmannii Kraenzl.
(both based on Friedrich Carl Lehmann).
3) to express an personal rather than a strictly professional relationship (wifes, daughters, mothers, sons, fathers, close collaborators, fellow expeditionists). There is a notable difference between male and female persons, it apparently being easier to establish a personal relationship with a person of the feminine persuasion. This is probably illustrated best in the names using an epithet in the genitive based on one of the Fedtschenko’s, respectively fedtschenkoi [ut30] and olgae [ut60], with IPNI not listing any fedtschenkoae which apparently exists only in Ephedra fedtschenkoae.
There is something of a tradition in basing epithets on the latinized form of a given name, a tradition recognised in the Code, as far as it goes, in Rec 60C.2. Among the prime benefits of this tradition is uniformity and recognizability of epithets: a Frenchman dedicating an epithets to his daughter Marie, an American dedicating an epithet to his wife Mary, a Dutchman dedicating an epithet to his mother Marieke, a Brazilian dedicating an epithet to his colleague Maria can all use the epithet mariae, instead of marieae, maryae, mariekeae and mariae.
A practical example is the botanist Ule who was known to his German colleagues as Ernst, while in Brazil his colleagues knew him as Ernesto. Both groups honored him with epithets ernesti (or ernestii), rather than ernstii and ernestoi. Therefore it is safe to say that this tradition is not only a charming one, but also one that unifies botanists all over the world.
What given names have well-established latinized forms? It would be nice if such given names had a uniform origin, for example in the Latin of ancient Rome. In reality, obviously, this is not the case. A dictionary of Latin will show very few given names that continue in use as given names from classical times till the present, and some of them (like Hector) never served as the basis of an epithet. Even more curiously the Latin dictionary at hand uses a Greek genitive, Danaës, for the Greek name Danaë.
Late Latin, especially Church Latin recognises many more given names as having a latinized form. A prime source of such given names is the Bible but quite a few names entered tradition later.
Latin dictionary:
- contains few given names now in use
m: Alexander, Ambrosius, Antonius, Augustus, Claudius, Fabianus, Hector, Julius, Julianus, Marcus, Marius
f: Augusta, Camilla, Diana, Helena, Julia
Many given names from Biblical origin:
m: OT: Aäron, Abraham, Adam, Benjamin, Daniël, David, Gabriël, Immanuël, Isaac, Jacobus, Jozua, Michaël, Salomon, Samuël
NT: Petrus, Andreus, Jezus, Johannes, Josephus, Lucas, Marcus, Mattheus, Paulus, Sim(e)on, Timotheus
f: OT: Eve, Hannah, Judith, Mirjam, Rachel, Rebecca, Ruth, Sara
NT: Maria, Anna, Elisabeth
Church and
scientific Latin:
m: (Latin) Christianus, Cornelius, Franciscus, Ignatius, Laurentius, Leonardus, Martinus, Maximilianus
(Greek) Christophorus, Hieronymus, Theodorus
(Germanic) Adolphus, Bernhardus, Carolus, Ferdinandus, Fredericus, Henricus, Hugo, Otto, Rudolphus
f: mostly the feminine forms of the male names but also Barbara, Catharina, Mathilda, Theresia
Botanical Latin is not Church Latin. This raises the question which of these given names are accepted in botany as having a “well-established latinized form”. A complete picture is hard to come by.
Old Testament. Not in general use as a given name, although popular in certain circles. Botanically there is only a weak case either way :
aaronis [1/2] Apparently [Korevaar] the sole use is semi-geographic, viz the Mountain Hor, “of the biblical Aäron”
Rec 60C.1: aaronii [1/2]
No cases, all epithets abraham(i)i are based on a
surname
Adam
Of the ca 30 cases of adam(i)i it could be
established that at least one is geographic, and that more than a third part is
based on a surname (J.G.Adam). No cases were found of an epithet based on a
given name, but better than half remain unresolved.
Germanic in origin, basic form is Adolf. Saint is St Adolf, presumably a bishop of Utrecht.
Accepted latinized epithet adolphi [ut 15]. Cases:
- Adolf /Adolph Stolz [1/2] (Habenaria adolphi Schltr., 1915, syn Arachnaria adolphi (Schltr.) Szlach., 2003; Nervilia adolphi Schltr. 1915)
- Adolph / Adolpho Tonduz [ut4] (Camaridium adolphi Schltr., 1923 (nom.prov.), syn Maxillaria adolphii (Schltr.) Ames & Correll 1943; Epidendrum adolphi Schltr., 1906, syn Oerstedella adolphii (Schltr.) F.G.Brieger 1977; Microstylis adolphi Schltr., 1918, syn Malaxis adolphii Ames, 1922)
- Dr Adolpho Ducke [1/2] (Secondatia adolphii Azambuja, 1949 [cf Licania adolphoduckei Prance, 2001])
- [Adolf] Engler [1/2] (Sedum adolphi Raym.-Hamet, 1912) cf Kalanchoe adolphi-engleri Raym.-Hamet, 1955
- Adolf Kempter [1/2] (Bulbophyllum adolphi Schltr., 1921; Dendrobium adolphi Schltr., 1921, syn Pedilonum adolphi (Schltr.) S.Rauschert, 1983)
Rec 60C.1: adolfii
[ut4]. Cases:
- Adolf /Adolph Stolz [1/2] (Ceropegia adolfi Schltr. ex
Werderm., 1939, Crotalaria adolfi Harms, 1917)
- Adolph Tonduz [1/2] (Trichilia adolfi Harms, 1925)
Note: see Rudolphus
Latin. Came into use as a given name during the Renaissance.
epithet adrian(i)i [ut4]. Case:
- drs Ard (Adriaan) Louis, curator LBV [1/2] (Combretum adrianii
C.C.H.Jongkind, 1993)
Albertus
(Albert, Alberto, Bert)
Germanic in origin, basic form is Adelbert. Saints: there are three St Adalbert’s, all before 1000AD
Accepted latinized epithet alberti [ut100]. Cases:
- Johann Albert Regel [ut30+]
- Prince Albert [1/2] (Caryota alberti F.Muell. ex H.Wendl., 1875), note adjective albertianus
- A.M. Brenes [Alberto] [ut4] (Elleanthus alberti
Schltr., 1923; Epidendrum
alberti Schltr., 1923.; Maxillaria
alberti Schltr., 1923; Stelis
alberti Schltr., 1923)
- Alberto Loefgren [1/2] (Habenaria alberti Hoehne, 1937)
Rec 60C.1: albertoi [1/2]
- Juan-Alberto Arias, son [1/2] (Masdevallia juan-albertoi Luer & M.Arias, 2000)
(Alfred, Alfredo)
Anglosaxon
Epithet alfred(i)i [ut30]. Cases:
- Alfred Brade [ut15] as alfredii
- Alfred Bornmüller [brother of] [ut4] (Polygonum alfredi Pilg., 1921; Cousinia alfredii Bornm. & Gauba, 1940; Crepis alfredii Bornm., 1942)
- Alfred Hance [son] [ut4] (Sedum alfredi Hance, 1870; Combretum alfredi Hance, 1871; Lysimachia alfredi Hance, 1877)
- Alfred Rehder [1/2] (Salix alfredi Gorz, 1932)
- Alfred Lecuit (1883-1967) [1/2] (Diaphananthe alfredi
Geerinck, 1990)
Quantification of alfredi versus alfredii is
rather difficult. The Alfreds commemorated by alfredi appear to
outnumber the Alfreds commemorated by alfredii, but as the most popular
namesake is Alfred Brade, who is always commemorated by alfredii, total
number of epithets alfredii exceeds that of epithets alfredi.
(Alejandro, Alex, Alexander, Alexandre, Alexei, Alexej, Sander, Xander)
Uncertain in origin, but possibly well over three thousand years old. Famous because of Alexander the Great, of Macedonia (356-323 B.C.). Saints: at least two, the first of which died c 125. At least a thousand years in widespread use as a given name.
Latinized epithet: alexandri [ut60]. Cases:
-
A.Grossheim [Alexander Alfonsovich Grossheim] [ut4]
-
Alexandri Schelkownikowi [1/2] (Centaurea alexandri Bordz., 1934)
- Alexander
Johnston [1/2] (Cynometra alexandri C.H.Wright)
-
Alexander C. Hirtz [1/2] (Masdevallia alexandri Luer, 1980, syn Rodrigoa alexandri (Luer) Braas, 1982)
-
A.C.Brade [Alexander Curt Brade] [1/2] (Sarcoglottis alexandri Schltr. ex
Mansf., 1928)
Basic form is Germanic Alfons, derived from West Gothic “Hadufuns” (ready for battle). St. Alfonso lived in the 7th century. Botanically apparently an ad hoc latinization for Alphonso de Candolle (A.DC).
Epithet alphons(i)i [ut7+], adjective alphonsius [ut4]
(Ambrose, Ambroise, Ambrosius)
Based on the Greek ‘ambrosios’.
Epithet: ambrosii [ut4]
(André, Andreas, Andrew)
Basic form is Andreas, possibly a Greek translation of a Hebrew name. In use as a given name for some twelve hundred years.
The only case found is correct under either Rec 60C.1 or 60C.2:
- André (M. de) Carvalho [1/2] (Scandentia andrei E.L.Cabral & Bacigalupo, 2001, syn Denscantia andrei (E.L.Cabral & Bacigalupo) E.L.Cabral & Bacigalupo, 2001, both times as ‘andreii’; Erythroxylum andrei Plowman, 1987)
Note: most epithets andrei [ut15] are dedicated to Ed(o)uard Francois André / Eduardo Francisco André (1840-1911).
Antonius
(Anthony, Antoine, Anton, Antonio, Antonis, Teun, Ton)
Latin in origin. Saints: St Antonius (Egypt) died in 356, St Antonius of Padua lived 1195-1231. In use as a given name for some nine hundred years.
Accepted latinized epithet: antonii [ut15 (ut30?)]. Cases:
- Anton Elmer [son] [ut7], adjective antonianus [ut4]
- Anthony V. Hall [1/2] (Lampranthus antonii L.Bolus, 1966)
- Anthony G. Miller [1/2] (Campylanthus antonii Thulin, 1995)—.
- Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga [1/2] (Euphorbia antonii Oudejans, 1989)
- Antonio Gonzalez [1/2] (Chondrorhyncha antonii P.Ortíz, 1994)
- A.P.Sijm (Ton) [1/2] (Dracula antonii Luer, 2002)
Adjective antonianus [? ut15]. Case:
- Antonio Krapovickas
[1/2] (Nototriche
antoniana M.Chanco, 1992)
Note the geographic antoni [1/2]:
- El Valle de Antón [1/2] (Peperomia antoni Trel., 1937)
Epithet: armand(i)i [ut7]. Cases:
- l’abbé Armand David [1/2] (Pinus armandi Franch., 1884, presumably also Clematis armandi Franch., 1885)
- Armand Ratokazafy [1/2] (Ceropegia armandii Rauh, 1964)
Adjective armandianus [1/2]
- Armand Randrianasolo [1/2] Erica armandiana L.J.Dorr & E.G.H.Oliv., 1999)
- Armando de Mattos de Filho [1/2] (Struthanthus armandianus C.T.Rizzini, 1985)
Not a latinized form.
(August, Auguste, Augustijn, Augustinus, Austin, Oste)
Latin, originally a nickname of Octavius Caesar (Octavianus);
adopted by all Roman emperors and, after the Renaissance, by some western kings
and princes.
In use as a given name for some seven hundred years.
Epithet augusti [ut30]. Cases:
- August Weberbauer [ut15]
- Augustus Glaziou [1/2] (Miconia augusti Cogn., 1891, syn Acinodendron augusti (Cogn.) Kuntze, 1891)
- August Pulle [1/2] (Cyrtandra augusti Schltr.,1923)
- Friedrich August II (1797-1854) king of Saxony: fr*derici-augusti [ut7] (with * = e or i)
Note plural augustorum [1/2] (Spathoglottis augustorum Rchb.f., 1886) after Auguste Linden and Auguste de Rhonne
Adjective augustianus [ut4]. One case:
- Auguste Linden [ut4]
Old Testament. The case for accepting Benjamin as a latinized form is tenuous at best. Of the two uses of this epithet in recent years one was based on a given name (Benjamin Balansa, 1825-1891, Oxalis benjaminii Lourteig, 2000) and one on a surname (Trochetiopsis × benjamini Cronk, 1995)
Epithet benjamin(i)i [1/2]
Rec 60C.1, adjective benjaminianus [1/2]:
- Benjamin Øllgard [1/2] (Lycopodiella benjaminiana
P.G.Windisch, 1991)
Germanic “strong as a bear”. Very long in use as a given name. Several saints by this name, especially St Bernhard of Clairvaux (1091-1153)
Only one case could be verified, although [ut7] might exist:
- prince Bernhard of the Netherlands [1/2] (Paullinia bernhardi Uitt., 1936)
variant:
bernardi [unknown, at most ut15]
- Mr Arthur Bernard Sanders [1/2] (Viola bernardi Greene, 1903)
Rec 60C.1: bernardii [?]. Case:
- Mr.C. Bernard Lewis [1/2] (Cyathea × bernardii G.R.Proctor, 1982)
Note: such epithets may also be geographic (Camp Bernhard) or based on a surname Bern(h)ardi, Bernhardt, etc. (especially bernardii after Luciano Bernardi [ut30])
Note a latinization of a surname as-if-a-given-name:
- Herbar Bernhardt [1/2] (Smilax bernhardi Apt, 1922)
Boris
Not a latinized form
Germanic. Saints: the best known St Bruno lived c 1032-1101.
All uses of the epithet brunonis and brunonianus are after Robert Brown
Rec 60C.1: brunoi [1/2]. Cases:
- Bruno Irgang [1/2] (Eugenia brunoi J.R.Mattos, 1990)
Carolus
(Carl, Caro, Carlo, Charles, Karel, Karl, Karol)
Basic form is Kar(e)l, germanic, “man” (not a noble, not a serf or slave). Long in use as a given name.
Epithet caroli [ut30]. Cases:
- Carl Ludwig Ledermann [ut15]
- Carl Köhler [1/2] (Elleanthus caroli
Schltr., 1921)
- Charles Hose [1/2] (Mesophlebion caroli Holttum, 1975)
- [Friedrich Carl Lehmann] [1/2] (Maxillaria friderici-caroli, 1991)
Note a latinization of a surname as if a given name:
- Charles [1/2] (Calyptranthes caroli Britton & P.Wilson, 1920)
Note the geographic sancti-caroli [ut4] and sancticaroli [1/2] after San Carlos
(Caspar, Jasper)
New Testament.
Epithet casparii [1/2]?
(Christiaan, Christian)
Latin in origin. Although this is a given name with a venerable tradition in Northern Europe (the counterpart of “Jezus” as used in, for instance, Spain) it has made a remarkably small impact on botanical nomenclature. Perhaps only one case:
- Cornelius Christian Berg [1/2] (Ficus christianii J.P.P.Carauta, 1994)
which is quite odd as the genitive of Christianus is christiani, while application of Rec 60C.1 to Christiaan (Cornelis Christiaan Berg as evidenced by his Ph.D.-thesis) would be christiaanii.
(Christoffel, Christofoor, Christophe, Christopher, Kristoffel, Kristov)
Greek: “bearer of Christ”. Saints: St Christophorus lived c 250 AD. Came into use as a given name fairly late in the Middle Ages.
Epithet: christophori [1/2]
- Christoph. Giles [1/2] (Eremophila christophori F.Muell.,
syn Bondtia christophori (F.Muell.) Kuntze, 1891, syn Pholidia christophori (F.Muell.) Kraenzl., 1929)
Adjective:
- Christopher Hemming [1/2] (Pelargonium christophoranum Verdc., 1968)
Claudius
(Claude, Claudio, Claudius)
Latin. Name of several Roman emperors
Epithet: claudii
[ut7]. Case:
- Cl.Gay [1/2] (Peperomia claudii C.DC., 1898; Piper claudii C.DC., 1898)
Rec 60C.1:
- Claudio Menescal [1/2] (Billbergia × claudioi Leme, 1987)
Major prophet in Old Testament. Saint: one. St.Daniel lived in the 5th century. In use as a given name from fairly early in the Middle Ages.
Epithet danielis [ut4+]. Case:
- Brother Daniel [1/2] (Senecio danielis Cuatrec., 1951, syn Pentacalia danielis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec., 1981; Palicourea danielis Standl., 1940)
Note epithet danielis dedicated to Hermano Daniel, all [ut4] by Cuatrecasas.
Note names using danielii [ut4] and daniellii [ut4] based on surnames Daniel and Daniell.
(David, Davis)
From the Old Testament. Saints: St David (Davis, Dewi) was born c 480-500. Long in use as a given name.
Epithet: davidii [1/2- ?]. Case:
- David L. Anderson [1/2] (Euphorbia davidii R.Subils, 1984)
Note: almost all epithets david(i)i honour Père Armand David (1826-1900)
Irish. Only recently in use as a given name, a century or so.
Epithet: desmond(i)i [1/2]. Cases:
- Mr. R.Desmond Meikle [1/2] (Euphorbia desmondi Keay &
Milne-Redh., 1955).
- Desmond J. Nelson [1/2] (Acacia desmondii Maslin, 1987)
Didericus
(Diederik, Dirk, Theodoric)
Germanic. Rather popular as a given name since the Middle Ages.
Epithet: diderici [1/2]
- meines
Vaters ...Dirk de Wit [1/2] (Cryptocoryne diderici de Wit, 1970
(Dennis)
Epithet: dionysii [0?]
Gaelic in origin. Not a latinized form?
(Ed, Edouard, Eduard, Eduardo, Edward)
Epithet: eduardi [ut15], possibly once as eduardii. Cases:
- [Ed(o)uard] André [1/2] (Guzmania eduardi Andre ex Mez, 1896)
- Eduard August von Regel [1/2] Allium eduardi Stearn in
Airy Shaw 1946; Fritillaria eduardi A.Regel, 1884, syn Petilium eduardi (A.Regel) Vved., 1941) cf. Jurinea eduardi-regelii
Iljin, 1925)
- Eduardo Jacopino [1/2] (Silene eduardi Bocquet, 1967)
- [Edward Palmer?] [1/2] (Agave eduardi Trel., 1920)
Rec 60C.1: eduardoi [1/2]. Case:
- Dr. Eduardo J.S.M. Mendes [Eggli] [1/2] (Euphorbia eduardoi Leach, 1968)
Egon
Germanic in origin, short for Egbert, Egwin, etc. Parallels Egino
Epithet egonis [1/2]. Case:
- Heinrich Egon Weber [Rubus-expert]
[1/2] (Rubus henrici-egonis
J.Holub, 1991) cf. Rubus henrici-weberi A.Beek, 1997.
(Emiel, Emil, Emile, Emilio)
Latin in origin, basic form is Aemilius. Possibly based on an older Greek name
Latinized epithet (a)emilii.
1) aemilii [ut4], adjective aemilianus [ut1/2]. Cases:
- Aemil Hassler [1/2] (Scoparia aemilii Chodat 1908; presumably also Eugenia aemilii Barb.Rodr. ex Chod. &
Hassler, 1907)
- Emil Koehne [1/2] (Spiraea aemiliana C.K.Schneid., 1905). Note that Taraxacum aemilianum B.Foggi & Ricceri, 1991, is geographic)
Note compound epithets after Spanish botanist Aemilio Guinea
[1/2] (Asplenium
aemilii-guineae Alston, 1951; Polyscias aemiliguineae Bernardi,
1974).
2) emilii [ut4]. adjective emilianus [?-ut7]. Cases:
- Père Emile Bodinier [1/2] (Berberis emilii C.K.Schneid.,
1939)
- Emilio Hassler [1/2] (Tragia emilii Pax & K.Hoffm., 1919)
- Dr Emil Hassler [1/2] (Oncidium emilii Schltr., 1920)
plural ??? (Bulbophyllum emiliorum Ames &
Quisumb., 1931) [unverified]
Note
several compound epithets: Potentilla emilii-popi Nyar., 1929; Centaurea × emilii-popii Soó, 1969; Centaurea × emilii-topae Prodán, 1964; Psidium emilhasslerianum Barb.Rodr., 1907
Rec 60C.1: adjective emilioanus [1/2]. Case:
Emilio Ulibarri (Acacia emilioana R.H.Fortunato & A.M.Cialdella,
1996)
(Eirikr, Eric, Erich, Erik)
Scandinavian, basic form is Erik. In the popular mind there are several saints St Erik, but none is canonized.
Epithet erici [ut4]. Cases:
- E.L.Ekman [Erik Leonard Ekman] [1/2] (Vriesea erici Harms, 1935)
- Erich Haugg [1/2] (Tillandsia erici Ehlers, 1998)
Note quite a few epithets erici-rosenii [ut15] by T.C.E.Fr. after Graf Eric von Rosen
Rec60C.1:
- erikii [1/2], Case: Erik Asplund [1/2] (Peperomia
erikii Yunck., 1959)
Note epithet erikii based on a surname (Sadik Erik [1/2], Arabis erikii
Mutlu, 2004)
(Ernest(o), Erno, Ernst)
Germanic in origin, basic form is Ernst. Came into use as a given name outside Germany only with the Renaissance. Both latinized forms exist, although Ernestus appears the more popular by far, non-botanically speaking. Botanically speaking, epithets have been published as ernesti quite a bit more often than as ernestii.
Epithet: ernest(i)i [ut30]. Cases:
- Ernst / Ernesto Ule [ut15] of which ernestii [ut4]; cf. Habenaria ernesti-ulei Hoehne (1937)
- Ernest H. Wilson [ut4] of which a single ernestii
- Ernest E. Galpin [ut4] (Crassula ernesti Schönland & Baker f., 1902; according to Eggli also Euphorbia ernesti N.E.Br., 1915; Mesembryanthemum ernestii L.Bolus, 1932, syn Lampranthus ernestii (L.Bolus) L.Bolus, 1939)
Rec 60C.1:
- Ernst van Jaarsveld [ut4] (Eriospermum ernstii P.L.Perry, 1994 and
according to Eggli also: Plectranthus ernstii L.E.Codd, 1982; Conophytum ernstii S.Hammer, 1988)
(Eugen, Eugène, Eugenio)
Greek in origin. Saints: three, of which the last died in 657
Epithet: eugenii [ut30]. Cases:
- Eugène Langlassé [1/2- ?] (Epidendrum eugenii Schltr., 1920, Stelis
eugenii Schltr., 1920)
- Eugenio Leite [1/2] (Pleurothallis eugenii Pabst, 1956)
(Eustace)
Greek in origin. There is a long-time confusion between Eustachius, Eustathius and Eustatius, depending on a preference of Greek versus pure Latin.
Epithet eustachii [1/2]. Cases:
- Dr Eustace C. Black [1/2] (Bulbostylis eustachii J.M.Black ex Eardley, 1957)
Note adjective eustachianus [ut15] after (the isle of) Sint Eustatius
Rec 60C.1:
- Charles Eustace Pillans [Eggli] [1/2] (Euphorbia eustacei
N.E.Br., 1913)
Latin in origin (“happy”, “fortunate”), in Rome a popular name for freed slaves, and early christians. Saints, many. Came into use as given name with the Renaissance
Latinized epithet: felicis. Cases [0?]
Note a well established use of felicis [ut15?] for Henri Jacques-Félix, who is also commemorated by felixii [ut4?]. Also note Artabotrys jacques-felicis Pellegr., 1950; Beilschmiedia jacques-felixii Robyns & Wilczek, 1950; Calvoa jacques-felixii E.Figueiredo, 2001, and presumably all the names using jacquesii [ut4], but not jacquesianus [1/2].
Rec 60C.1: felixii
- Felix Woytkowski [1/2] (Stigmaphyllon felixii Cuatrec., 1962)
Note use of felix as an adjective (“happy”, “fortunate”) as well as as a given name in apposition:
- Felix Charlier [1/2] (Ocotea felix Coe-Teix., 1980)
(Ferdinand, Fernando, Hernando)
Westgothic in origin. In use for kings for a thousand years or so. Accepted as a given name in common use since the sixteenth century.
Epithet ferdinandi [ut15+]. Cases:
- Ferdinand von Müller: ferdinandi [ut7-?ut15], ferdinandianus [ut4]
cf. ferdinandi-muelleri [ut7].
- Ferdinand Pax [1/2] (Acalypha ferdinandi K.Hoffm., 1924)
- Ferdinand I von Bulgarien [1/2] (Pedicularis ferdinandi Bornm., 1922)
cf. ferdinandi-regis [1/2], ferdinandi-coburg(i)i [ut7], ferdinando-coburg(i)i
[ut4]
(Francisco, François, Frank, Frans, Franz)
Originally a nickname (“the Frenchman”) for St Franciscus of Assisi (1181/82-1226), whose given name was Giovanni.
Accepted latinized epithet: francisci [ut15]. Cases:
- Francisco Rojas [1/2] (Lycianthes francisci Benítez, 2001)
- Frank J. Stayner [ut4] (Lampranthus francisci L.Bolus 1961, syn Phiambolia francisci (L.Bolus) Klak, 2003; Conophytum francisci L.Bolus, 1963; Cephalophyllum francisci L.Bolus 1969)
- Franz Steiner [1/2] (Asparagus francisci K.Krause, 1914)
Note: Globba francisci Ridl., 1914, after A.B.C.Francis
(Federico, Fred, Freek, Frerich, Frederic, Frederico, Frederik, Fredrik, Friedrich, Frits, Fritz)
Germanic in origin, basic form is Fredrik/Friedrich. There was a saint by this name in the ninth century. Came into widespread use as a given name only in the last several centuries.
Accepted epithet: friderici [ut60, but ut7 when counting non-compound epithets only] or frederici [ut7-ut15]
Cases of friderici:
- Frederico Welwitsch [1/2] (Lissochilus friderici Rchb.f., 1867, syn Eulophia fridericii (Rchb.f.)
A.V.Hall, 1965)
- Federico Philippi [1/2] (Viola friderici W.Becker, 1925)
- Herzog Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg (expedition leader, collector is J.Mildbraed)
adolfi-friderici [ut30], adolfi-friederici [ut15], adolphi-friderici [ut4].
Note use in first part of compound epithets. Cases:
- [Friedrich Carl Lehmann] [1/2] (Maxillaria friderici-caroli P.Ortiz Valdivieso, 1991)
- Friedrich August II (1797-1854)
king of Saxony fr[e]/[i]derici-augusti [ut7]
Case of frederici:
- [Friedrich / Frederico] Welwitsch [ut4]
Rec 60C.1: frederickii [1/2]. Case:
- F.W.Duckitt [1/2] (Ixia frederickii M.P.de Vos, 1988)
Associated form:
Possibly after Frederick Anderson? [1/2] (Epidendrum fritzianum Hoehne, 1952)
Note the aberrant fredericii [1/2-ut4?]:
- Frederick Huntly Holland [Eggli] [1/2] (Delosperma fredericii Lavis, 1967)
Note epithets based on a surname:
- L.Frederick [1/2] (Cyrtandra frederickii St.John &
Storey, 1950)
- H.Fredericq [1/2] (Salacia fredericqii R.Wilczek, 1956)
Archangel in Old and New Testament. In use as a given name only for the past few centuries
epithet gabrielis at least once, at most [ut4]. Case:
- Gabriel Gutiérrez [1/2] (Cecropia gabrielis Cuatrec., 1956)
Note gabrielis for a surname Gabriel [1/2] (Aristolochia gabrielis Briq., 1931 after A.Gabriel, collecting in Fr.Guyana. Also Rosa × gabrielis Charbon., 1931, after a Dr Gabriel), besides several names using gabriel(i)i after surname Gabriel. Also one name using gabrielis for a geographic feature (Psychotria gabrielis Müll.Arg. syn Uragoga gabrieli (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze, 1891), besides several using gabrielensis [ut7]. Also note epithets sancti-gabrieli/ii/is, presumably all geographic.
(Georg, Jorge, Joris, Sjors, Yuri)
epithet: georgii.
Greek in origin. St George died in 303, and was venerated originally in eastern Europe (hence the name Georgia), but after the Crusades also in western Europe. There are two latinizations: Georgius and Gorgius. Only the first is used botanically, however. Three groups of given names can be distinguished:
Georg (German): epithet georgii [1/2]
George (English): epithet georgei [ut15, mostly after G.Forrest]
Jorge (Spanish): epithet georgii [ut4]
This raises a curious issue which can solved by either accepting Georgius as the accepted latinization of all forms except English “George” or alternately by not accepting, generally speaking, Georgius as an accepted latinization, but accepting (as required by Art 60.7) any individual latinization of Jorge as Georgius.
Note the curious Polygala sancti-georgii L.Riley, 1925 after the Scientific Expeditionary Research Association Yacht “St George”.
Note epithets based on surname George: A.S.George [ut4], W.J.George [ut7] (or better)
Note that Georgia in eastern Europe is indicated by the epithet georgicus, an epithet that can also refer to an agricultural origin, from Vergil’s poem “Georgica” on agriculture. The American Georgia is indicated by georgianus.
Gerard
Case:
- Gerard Jean [1/2] (Voanioala gerardii J.Dransf., 1989)
Almost all epithets gerard(i)i are based on a surname Gerard
Not a latinized form
Gregorius
(Greg, Gregorio, Gregory)
Epithet: gregorii. Only one case [?]:
- Prof Dr. hab. Grzegorz Wegrzyn [1/2] (Pseudoliparis gregorii
H.B.Margonska & Szlach., 2000)
Note also:
- Gregorios Bakuriani [1/2] (Hieracium gregorii-bakurianii S.Bräutigam, 1985)
It proves that (almost) all cases of gregorii and gregorianus are based on a surname Gregory (with a few after McGregor). There are a few unresolved cases.
(Bill, Guillaume, Guillermo, Wilhelm, Wilhelmus, William,
Wim)
Epithet guil(i)elmi [ut15]. Cases:
- Wilhelm Triebner [Korevaar] (Lithops guilielmii)
- Sr Majestät dem Kaiser [1/2] (Grammatophyllum guilelmi-II Kraenzl., 1894)
- ??? pauli-guil(i)elmi [ut4]
Also in compound epithets guil(i)elmi-waldemarii [ut4] and guilelmi-jordanii [1/2]
guillelmi:
- ??? [1/2] (Acer friederici-guillelmi Carrière, 1867)
Rec 60C.1: wilhelmii [at most ut7]
- Wilhelm N. Suksdorf (Cirsium
× wilhelmii Petrak, 1938).
Note epithets wilhelmii based on a surname Wilhelm.
(Gustaaf, Gustav, Gustavo, Gustavus)
Epithet gustavi [ut15], with a c 20% share as gustavii. Cases:
- Gustav Mann [ut4] (Magnolia gustavi King, 1891; Bulbophyllum
gustavi Schltr., 1911; Nephrodium gustavi Bedd., 1893, syn Dryopteris gustavi (Bedd.) C.Chr., 1905, syn Cyclosorus gustavi (Bedd.) Ching 1938, syn Thelypteris gustavi (Beddome) C.Reed, 1968)
- Gustavo A. Aguirre [1/2] (Stelis gustavii O.Duque, 1997)
- Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach [1/2] (Maxillaria henrici-gustavi Senghas, 1993; Oncidium henrici-gustavi Kraenzl., 1922)
Greek, basic form is Hektoor. Saints: none.
Latinized epithet: hectoris [0]. No cases
Note epithets hectori [ut15], correctly hectorii, after
sir James Hector (1834-1907: http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/dnzb/ ).
Germanic in origin
Epithet helmut(i)i [at most ut7], more often helmutii than helmuti, adjective helmutianus [1/2]
(Harry, Heinrich, Heinz, Hendrik, Henk, Henri, Henrik, Henry, etc)
Germanic. So old that its etymology cannot be traced. Very widespread in use as a given name.
Accepted latinized epithet: henrici [ut60]. Cases:
- Henry Perrier de la Bâthie [ut7]
- Karl Heinz Rechinger (f.): caroli-henrici [ut7], adjective caroli-henricanus [1/2]
-
[Harry Bolus] [1/2?] (
Sutera henrici Hiern; presumably Oxalis henrici
F.Bolus, 1916)
- Henk van der Werff [1/2] (Phoradendron henrici Kuijt, 2003)
-
Henri Pittier [1/2?] (Epidendrum
henrici Schltr., 1906)
-
Henri Zollinger [1/2]
(Crotalaria henrici Hochr.,
1925)
-
Henri Humbert [1/2] (Humbertiella
henrici Hochr., 1932)
- Heinrich v Eggers [1/2] (Pleurothallis henrici Schltr., 1921)
Note plural (Henri Baillon, Henri Lecomte, Henry Perrier de
la Bâthie & Henri Humbert) [1/2] (Weinmannia henricorum Bernardi, 1964)
Note that henrici
is also popular as the first half of compound epithets
Note
that henrici [1/2] can also be a latinization of a surname
Heinrich or Henry, with a plural henricorum [1/2]. Also Henrici itself
can be a surname (Salsola henriciae Verdoorn, 1963
after Dr Henrici (f), Lampranthus henricii N.E.Br. 1930,
according to Eggli
after a Dr. M. Henrici (m), presumably also Mesembryanthemum henricii
L.Bolus, 1924).
Rec 60C.1: hendrikii [1/2]
- Dr Hendrik ’t Hart [1/2] (Erodium hendrikii
K.Alpinar, 1994).
(Hugh, Hugo, Hugues)
Germanic
in origin. Basic form should be Hugo, which is also the latinized form. English
form is Hugh.
The
epithets hugonis [ut4] and hugonianus [ut4] are all after Father
Hugh Scallan. Note epithets hugoi [1/2] (apparently based on a surname
Hugo) and hughii [ut7]; at least one of the epithets hughii is
based on a given name.
Ignatius
(Emanuel, Emmanuel, Immanuel, Manuel)
Hebrew in origin: “God with us”, one of the names of the Messias. In use as a given name especially in Portugese and Spanish speaking countries.
epithet emmanuelis [ut4], manuelis [1/2] but also emanueli [ut4] and manueli [1/2]
It would be logical if immanuelis was the accepted latinized epithet with Rec 60C.1 applying to the other forms of this name. As it is, “established custom” offers no firm guidance?
Cases of emmanuelis:
- Dr Manuel López Figueiras [1/2] (Ruilopezia emmanuelis
Cuatrec., 1986)
- Manuel Guzmán [1/2] (Carex × emmanuelis M.Luceño, 1987)
- D. Emmanuelis II Portugaliae Regis [1/2] (Juncus emmanuelis
Fernandes & Garcia, 1947)
Rec 60C.1:
- Emmanuel Pérez Calix [1/2] (Valeriana emmanuelii Rzed. & Calderón, 2003)
Once, as ivori [Eggli]
Hebrew in Origin. Old Testament and New Testament. One of the disciples of Jezus, by that name, is supposed to be buried in Santiago de Compostella, visited by very many pilgrims. In use as a given name since the late Middle Ages.
epithet jacobi [ut4? at most ut15]. Case:
- Jacques Barrelier [1/2] (Centaurea jacobi Dufour, 1860)
Rec 60C.1: jacobii
- Robert Jacob Gordon [1/2] (Pelargonium jacobii R.A.Dyer, 1954)
Hybrid form:
- Jacobus T.Wiebes [1/2] (Ficus jacobii Vázq.Avila, 1986)
Rec 60C.1: jimii [1/2]
- James Hamilton [1/2] (Pleurothallis jimii Luer, 2004, syn Ancipitia jimii (Luer) Luer, 2004)
Note epithet jacobii [ut4-ut15], adjective jacobianus [ut4] after a surname Jacob, Jacobi. Also note jacobinae, jacobaeus, jacobinensis, jacobianus after various geographical features, especially the Sierra do Jacobina (Brazil).
Epithet joachimii [1/2]. One case:
- H.J.Schlieben [1/2] (Acacia joachimii Harms, 1935; Impatiens joachimii G.M.Schulze 1944)
(Giovanni, Hannes, Hans, Jan, João, Johan, etc)
Hebrew, original form is Johanan. New Testament. Originally popular as Joannes (Greek form is Ioannes). The form Johannes took over in the Renaissance. Saints: many?
Accepted latinized epithet: joannis [ut15+] or johannis [ut30+].
Cases of joannis:
- João M. Pires [1/2?] (Protium joannis Cuatrec., 1961)
- John Gould Veitch [1/2] (Veitchia joannis H.Wendl., syn Kentia
joannis F.Muell. ex H.Wendl.)
- Joannes, JAG Daniels, father of author [1/2] (Paranephelium joannis
M.Davids, 1984)
- Joann A.
Cubanov [1/2] (Typha
joannis Mavrodiev, 2002)
Cases of johannis:
- Giovanni Gussone [1/2] (Limonium johannis Pignatti, 1971)
- João Barbosa Rodr[igues] [1/2] (Maxillaria johannis Pabst, 1959)
- Johanes Braun
[1/2] (Bulbophyllum johannis Kraenzl., 1894)
- [Johannes (Jean)] Müller Arg[oviensis] [1/2?] (Manihot johannis
Pax, 1910)
- M. Johanni Sallier, collaborateur Rev.Hort. [1/2] (Nidularium johannis
Carrière, 1884, syn Karatas johannis (Carrière)
Baker, 1889, syn Regelia johannis (Carrière)
Lindm., 1890, syn Aregelia johannis (Carrière)
Mez in C.DC., 1896, syn Neoregelia johannis (Carrière)
L.B.Sm., 1955)
- [John] Gossweiler [ut4]
- John R.Clarkson [1/2] (Acacia johannis Pedley, 1999, syn Racosperma johannis (Pedley) Pedley, 2003)
- Baron Hans von Türckheim [ut4] (Epidendrum johannis Schltr., 1920; Masdevallia johannis Schltr., 1912; Oncidium johannis Moir, 1912; Pleurothallis johannis Schltr. 1921)
Note: considerably popular in compound epithets, such as johannis-winkleri [ut30], johannis-jansenii [1/2], johannis-howellii [1/2], etc.
Rec 60C.1: johnii [at most ut4]. Case:
- John Donnell Smith [1/2] (Anthurium johnii Engl., 1905)
- Rev. Fr. John Correia Afonso [1/2] (Panicum johnii S.M.Almeida, 1986)
Note epithet johnii [at most ut4], adjective johnianus [at most ut7], based on surname John (or St. John).
Rec 60C.1: juanii [1/2]. Case:
- Juan Flores Batres [1/2] (Lepanthes juanii Luer & Béhar, 1990)
Note Pitcairnia johannis L.B.Sm. (1955)
after Harold St.John.
Note Athyrium
sancti-johannis Copel., 1938,
also named after a St John, collector of the type
Note the geographical (after Port St.John’s)
Streptocarpus johannis L.L.Britten, 1940.
(Joe, José, Jozef, Yosef)
The Bible knows two Joseph’s. The Joseph in the Old Testament (Genesis) gave rise to a given name in the Middle Ages which disappeared again. In 1621 the Joseph in the New Testament was assigned a holiday after which Joseph again became popular as a given name.
Accepted epithet josephi. Cases:
- Joseph Dalton Hooker [ut7-ut15] (also adjective josephianus [ut7])
- José Cuatrecasas [1/2] (Abarema josephi Barneby &
J.W.Grimes)
- Joseph E. Esquirol [1/2] (Cheirostylis josephi Schltr., 1921)
- Jozef Rock [1/2] (Astragalus josephi Peter-Stibal, 1938).
Note epithets joseph(i)i after a surname Joseph [ut4-ut15] (Sarcanthus josephii J.J.Sm., 1913 after Herrn Ch.R.J.Joseph; Oxalis josephi R.Knuth, 1927 after Claude-Joseph). Also note josephi, josephensis and josephinus after a geographical feature San José.
Given the age of this name (there was a Roman emperor by that name) this should have a well-established latinized form, with genitive juliani This is borne out by the fact that Battandier (towards the close of the late nineteenth century) used juliani in two names dedicated to A.C.Julien, treating this surname as if it were a given name (something of a tradition).
The only person commemorated by given name with such an epithet is Julian Steyermark: here juliani [ut4] proves a lot less popular than julianii [ut15], suggesting that the pragmatic choice would be for julianii.
Julius
(Jules, Julio, Julius)
Latin, the augmented form of Julus: thus a Roman ‘surname’.
epithet: julii [ut7]. Cases:
- Julius Derenberg [1/2] ( presumably [Korevaar]: Mesembryanthemum julii
Dinter & Schwantes, 1925; Conophytum julii Schwantes, 1933).
- J.J.Wurdack [John
Julius Wurdack] [1/2] (Brachyotum johannes -julii E.Cotton, 2000)
(Lars, Lawrence, Lourenzo, etc)
Epithet laurentii [1/2?]. Cases:
- Lars Johnson [1/2] (Rorippa laurentii B.Jonsell, 1979)
- Laurent Lawrence Jean Pierre [1/2] (Bernardia laurentii R.A.Howard, 1986)
Note: there are very many epithets dedicated to Emile Laurent (1861-1904).
Note a few epithets laurenti [ut7?] are geographic (Massif du Llaurenti, by Sennen)
(Leon, Leonard, Leonardo)
Apparently rare for an epithet based on a given name (double -ii in all cases). Cases:
- Leonard J.Brass [ut4] (Psychotria leonardii Merr. & Perry,
1946; Macaranga leonardii Perry, 1953; Grammitis leonardii
Parris, 1975; Gronophyllum leonardii F.B.Essig & B.E.Young, 1985)
- Leonard Doran [1/2] (Amaryllis leonardii Vargas, 1984, syn Hippeastrum leonardii (Vargas) Gereau & Brako, 1993)
Rec 60C.1: leonardoi [1/2]. Case
- Leonardo Bustamante [1/2] (Masdevallia leonardoi Luer, 2001)
There is no indication that Leonard is accepted as a well-established latinized form for a given name (note Masdevallia leonardoi Luer, 2001 after Leonardo Bustamante). Quite a few names were published with an epithet leonardi but this appears a sign of the times rather than anything else; all such epithets are based on a surname.
Note many names dedicated to plant collectors named Leonard (or Léonard) [ut100], apparently quite a popular surname for a botanist. There also more ‘plural’ epithets (leonardiorum [ut7]) than for any other surname?
New Testament
No cases
(Lodewijk, Louis, Ludwig)
epithet: ludovici [ut7]. Case:
- Friedrich Ludwig Emil Diels (Pedicularis ludovici H.Limpr., 1924)
Rec 60C.1: lodewykii [1/2]. Case:
- Lodewijk van Heerde [Eggli] [1/2] (Ruschia lodewykii L.Bolus, 1950, syn. Antimima lodewykii (L.Bolus) H.E.K.Hartmann, 1998)
Rec 60C.1: ludwigii [?], ludwigianus [?]. Case:
- Baron Ludwig [at Cape the Good Hope, also Baron de Ludwig, unclear, but presumably not a given name] [ut15]
- Carl Ludwig
Blume [1/2] (Alpinia
ludwigiana R.M.Sm., 1990)
Note most epithets ludwigii will be based on the surname Ludwig
Note: very many cases with epithet ludovicianus after Louisiana (USA)
Note: the epithet clovis in Xanthophyllum vitellinum var clovis Meijden, 1973 is not based on the given name Clovis but apperently refers to the axillary buds which are described as ‘claviformarum’ “clove-shaped”.
Marcus
Latin in origin
Epithet: marci [1/2?]
Rec 60C.1: marcusii [1/2]; marcusianus [?at most 1/2]. Case:
- Marcus E.Jones [1/2] (Penstemon
moffati subsp marcusii D.D.Keck, 1938, syn Penstemon marcusii
(D.D.Keck) N.H.Holmgren, 1979)
(Maarten, Mart, Martijn, Martin, Tinus)
Latin in origin, based on Martius. St Martin (ca 316-397) is the patron saint of France.
There are well over a hundred names using the epithet martin(i)i. At this point only one case was found where such an epithet was based on a given name (Dorotheanthis martinii L.Bolus, 1965 after Martin C.Littlewood). It could be established that most such epithets are based on a surname. Very popular are Jos. Martin (Joseph Martin, 1788-1826) collecting in “Guyana Gallica” and L.Martin (Léon Francois Martin, 1866-1919) collecting in Asia.
Thus “well-established custom” offers no grounds for or against accepting martini as a well-established genitive, although going by the age of the given name it would certainly qualify.
(Mateo, Mattheus, Matthew)
epithet matthaei [0]. No cases: all cases of matthaei [ut4] refer to a surname Matthews, a latinization of a surname as if it were a given name (q.v.).
Note: the geographic sancti-matthaei [1/2] after San Mateo (Bolivia) (Gentiana sancti-matthaei R.C.Foster, 1954, syn Gentianella sancti-mathaeii (R.C.Foster) T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu, 1993)
(Max, Maximiliaan)
Epithet maximiliani [?]. Case:
- [Rudolf Schlechter’s] jungerer bruder Max [ut15]
Note: most such epithets are dedicated to Maximilian, Prinz zu Wied (q.v.)
(Michail, Michel, Mick, Miguel, Mihaly, Mike, Mikhail,
etc)
Archangel in Old Testament and Revelation. Popular as a given name from the late Middle Ages onward.
epithet michaelis [ut15+]. Cases:
- son Michael Roger Mc Vaugh [1/2] (Manihot
michaelis McVaugh, 1961)
- [Mikhail Klokov] [1/2] (Thymus michaelis Kamelin &
A.L.Budantsev, 1990)
- [Michael Greene] Price [1/2] (Pneumatopteris michaelis Holttum, 1973)
Note: at least one name using michaelis for a geographic feature (Agrostis michaelis Steud., after the isle of St.Michael).
Rec 60C.1: mikei [1/2]
- Mike Hopkins [1/2] (Nepenthes mikei B.R.Salmon &
R.G.Maulder, 1995)
Rec 60C.1: michaelii [unknown, at most ut4+]
- Michael F. Wilton [1/2] (Croton michaelii V.W.Steinm., 2001)
Note at least one epithet michaelii based on a surname Michael, several remain unresolved.
Nathaniël
(Nathan, Nathaniel, Nate)
Epithet: nathanielis [1/2]. Case:
- ???
[1/2] (Dendrobium
nathanielis Rchb.f., 1857, syn Callista nathanielis Kuntze, 1891, syn Aporum nathanielis (Rchb.f.) M.A.Clem., 2003)
Epithet neronis [1/2]. Case:
- Nero, helper expedition [Eggli] [1/2] (Stapeliopsis neronis
Pillans, 1928)
(Claus, Klaas, Nick, Nicolai, Nicolas)
Greek in origin (nikè & laos). Saints: several, but especially the St Nicolaas of Myra (Asia Minor) that later (as modified by the Coca-Cola company) became Santaclaus. At least a thousand years in use as a given name.
epithet nicolai [ut15]. Cases:
- Nikolai Fedorovich Gontscharow [1/2?] (Astragalus nicolai
Boriss., 1946).
- Sr. Kaiserliche Hoheit, des Grossfürsten Nicolai Nicolajewitsch
[1/2?] (Strelitzia nicolai Regel &
K.Koch, 1858)
- Nicolai I principis Crnagorae et Brda [1/2] (Viola nicolai Pantoc., 1873)
variant?: nikolai [ut4]
Rec 60C.1: nicolasii [1/2-ut4]. Cases:
- Nicolas
Hallé [1/2] (Ledermanniella
nicolasii C.Cusset, 1984) cf Begonia nicolai-hallei
R.Wilczek 1969
- Brother Nicolas [1/2] (Hieracium nicolasii S.F.Blake, 1924)
- Nicolás Peláez [1/2] (Lepanthes nicolasii Luer & R.Escobar, 1997)
Germanic, Odo, Ode, Oede, Udo. Saints, several: St Odo the Good (c875-959) Archbishop of Canterbury, St Odilo (c 962-1048), etc. Quite popular as a given name through the Middle Ages.
The epithet ottonis was used for only three persons
Eduard Otto, his father Friedrich Otto and Otto Buchtien [ut7]
Quite remarkable is the occurrence of “otto” is compound epithets:
otto-buchtieni [1/2], ottohuberi [ut7], otto-kuntzeanus [1/2], ottolanderi [ut4], ottoschmidtii [1/2], ottonis-schulzii [1/2], ottoschulzii [ut4], otto-schwarzii [1/2], ottosonderi [1/2], ottostapfeanus [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: ottoi [1/2]
- Otto Hundt [1/2] (Hibiscus ottoi Exell
1936)
(Pablo, Paolo, Paul, Paulo, Pavel)
epithet pauli [ut15]. Cases:
- Paul J.M.Maas [1/2] (Stemmadenia pauli A.J.M.Leeuwenberg, 1994)
- Paul Carpenter Standley [1/2] (Mimosa pauli Barneby, 1991)
- cousins Friedrich & Paul
Sarasin [Backer] [ut4] (Davallia friederici-et-pauli Christ.,
1895, syn
Acrosorus frederici
et pauli (Christ.) Copel. 1906; Polypodium friederici-et-pauli
Christ., 1896, syn Grammitis friderici-et-pauli
(Christ.) Copel., 1952; Prosaptia friederici-et-pauli
Christ., 1905. [spelling following IPNI:
original speling is Friderici et Pauli in at least the first two cases])
Interesting is the geographical (after the Rio Pablo, in Colombia) Oncidium sancti-pauli Kranzl., 1922, syn Otoglossum sancti-pauli (Kraenzl.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase, 2001). Note very many geographical epithets referring to São Paulo in Brazil, notably paulensis [ut60].
Rec 60C.1: paulii [ut7]. Cases:
- Paul H.Allen [1/2] (Nectandra paulii C.K.Allen, 1945; Ocotea paulii C.K.Allen, 1945)
- Paul Chai [1/2] (Calamus paulii J.Dransf., 1990)
At least one adjective:
-
Paul Lacarriére [1/2] (Orchis × pauliana Malinv., 1889)
Petrus
(Pedro, Pete, Peter, Piet, Pieter, Pietro, etc)
accepted latinized epithet petri [ut15]. Cases:
- Peter Poyce [1/2] (Schismatoglottis petri A.Hay, 2000)
- Peter Veitch (Mr.P.C.M. Veitch) [ut4] (Calanthe petri Rchb.f., 1880; Cypripedium petri Rchb.f., 1880, syn
Paphiopedilum petri (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer; Dendrobium petri
Rchb.f., 1877; Spathoglottis petri Rchb.f., 1877)
Note the geographic (Ortschaft St Peter bei Graz) Rubus petri Fritsch, 1910
(Felipe, Filip, Flip, Philip)
Epithet: philippi [ut4?]. Cases:
- Philip A.B. van Breda [1/2] (Conophytum philippi L.Bolus, 1964)
- Philip von Luetzelburg [note single -p-] [1/2] Cassia philippi H.S.Irwin
& Barneby, 1978, syn Chamaecrista philippi (H.S.Irwin
& Barneby) H.S.Irwin & Barneby,
1979)
- [Philip(p)] von Luetzelburg [1/2] (Pavonia philippi Ulbr., 1924)
Note: very many epithets philipp(i)i [ut60+/ ut100, correctly philippii], one philipporum [correctly philippiorum] and philippianus [ut60] after Chilean botanist Rudolf Amandus (Rodolpho Amando) Philippi and his son Federico Philippi.
Raphaël
(Rafael, Rafe, Raphael)
Epithet: raphaelis [1/2]. Case:
- Rafael Romero-Casteñada [1/2] (Erigeron raphaelis Cuatrec., 1969)
Rec 60C.1: rafaelii [1/2], adjective rafaelianus [1/2]. Cases:
- Rafael de Oliviera [1/2] (Vriesea rafaelii Leme, 1999)
- Dr. Rafael Lucas Rodriquez C. [1/2] (Masdevallia rafaeliana Luer, 1979)
- Rafael Lucas Rodríguez C. [1/2] (Lepanthes rafaeliana Pupulin, 2001)
(Renald, Renaldo, Reinald, Reinout, Rinaldo)
Germanic in origin. Basic form is something like Reinout.
Epithet reginald(i)i [1/2]. Cases:
- Dr Reinaldo
Espinosa [1/2] (Periclesia
reginaldii Sleumer, 1941, syn Ceratostema reginaldii (Sleumer)
A.C.Sm., 1952)
- Reginald Farrer [1/2] (Rhododendron reginaldi Balf.f., 1919)
Regis
In limited use as a given name
An epithet regis will only be connected to a personal name (as the genitive of rex) when referring to R.M.King [ut7]? Of course there is a fair number of compound epithets referring to real kings (e.g. regis-borisii [1/2])
(René)
Latin, connected to baptism. Saint: St Renatus was a bishop in the fifth century.
epithet renati [ut4], adjective renatianus [1/2].
Case:
- Dr René Maire [1/2] (Centaurea × renati N.Garcia &
Susanna, 1995)
Rec 60C.1: renatoi [1/2], adjective renatoanus [1/2]. Case:
- Dr Renato Braga [1/2] (Myrcia renatoana Mattos, 1966)
(Dick)
Apparently very rare.
Rec 60C.1: richardii [1/2?]. One (?) case:
- Dr Richard A.Howard [1/2] ( Pimenta richardii Proctor, 1982)
Note: there are many [ut100] epithets dedicated to botanists with a surname Richard, notably Achille Richard (A.Rich., 1794-1852), but also Louis Claude Marie Richard (Rich. 1754-1821).
Note: there is a single case published of an epithet dickianus, but this is based a surname Dick (Hexacyrtis dickiana Dinter, 1932).
Robertus
(Rob, Robbert, Robert, Roberto, Robrecht, Roger, Rogier,
Rupert, Ruprecht)
epithet robert(i)i [ut7 to ut15]. Cases:
- Rob.E.Fries [Robert Elias Fries][ut4] (Alchemilla roberti T.C.E.Fr., 1923; Anagallis roberti T.C.E.Fr., 1923; Thunbergia roberti Mildbr., 1926) cf. Senecio roberti-friesii K.Afzel. 1925
- Robert Meyer [1/2] (Eugenia robertii Merr., 1906)
- Robert Runyon [1/2] (Coryphantha roberti A.Berger, 1929)
- Roberto Jaramillo Mejia [1/2] (Espeletia roberti Cuatrec., 1977)
- Luis Roberto Sánchez [1/2] (Pentacalia robertii S.Díaz &
Obando, 2003)
adjective robertianum [ut 30] is most curious. The best-known case (Geranium robertianum L., 1753) is after the semi-mythical St Robert (St Rupert), bishop of Salzburg [Backer]. Other uses of the epithet may refer to a resemblance to this G.robertianum and thus may be descriptive (e.g. Polypodium robertianum Hoffm., 1796, syn Dryopteris robertiana (Hoffm.) C.Chr., 1905, syn Thelypteris robertiana (Hoffm.) Sloss., 1917, syn Currania robertiana (Hoffm.) Wherry, 1942, Carpogymnia robertiana (Hoffm.) A.Löve & D.Löve, 1967; Aconitum robertianum Greene, 1909).
It may also be based on a given name. Cases:
- Robert Mill [1/2] (Allium robertianum F.Kollmann, 1983)
- Robert Brown [1st] [Backer] [1/2] (Andropogon robertianus
Steud., 1854)
Note : an epithet robert(i)i can also be based on a
surname Robert, notably A.Robert (cl. Mato Grosso & Paraguay: [ut7] by S.Moore).
Rec 60C.1: plural [1/2]:
- Robert Godfrey, Robert Kral, Robert Simonds (Hasteola robertiorum
L.C.Anderson, 1994)
Rec 60C.1: robertoi [1/2]. Cases:
- robertoi [1/2], Dr. Roberto Burle Max [1/2] (Heliconia robertoi
J.E.Abalo & G.Morales L., 1985)
- robertoana
[1/2] ??? Eugenia robertoana J.R.de
Mattos, 1995)
Note compound epithets:
- Roberto Andino [1/2] (Pleurothyrium roberto-andinoi
C.Nelson, 1992; syn Nectandra roberto-andinoi
(C.Nelson) C.Nelson, 2001)
- Roberto A. Kautsky [1/2] (Alcantarea roberto-kautskyi Leme, 1999; Cryptanthus roberto-kautskyi Leme, 1991)
- Sr. Roberto Siedel, progenitor Sr Alvin Siedel [1/2] (Vriesea roberto-siedelii W.Weber, 1986; Aechmea roberto-seidelii E.Pereira, 1972)
All in all, despite the importance and age of this given name, the case for Robertus as a well-established latinized form is not especially strong.
Rudolphus
(Rodolf, Rodolfo, Rudi, Ruud, Rudolf, Rudolpho)
Germanic in origin, basic form is Rudolf / Rodolf. Saint: 1: St Rodolfo (died c 1061).
Accepted latinized epithet rudolphi [15]. Cases:
- Rudolf Schlechter [ut4]
- Rudolph Philippi [1/2] (Stipa rudolphi Speg., 1901; perhaps also Elaphoglossum rudolphi Espinosa, 1932)
Rec 60C.1: rudolf(i)i [ut30]
- Rudolf Schlechter [ut15]
- Rudolph Philippi [1/2] (Adesmia rudolfi Speg., 1899, syn Patagonium rudolfi Speg., 1902;
perhaps also Monogramma rudolfii Rosenst., 1905 )
- R.Marloth [1/2] (Erica rudolfii Bolus,
1909)
rudolphii
- Dr H.W.R. Marloth [1/2] (Agathosma rudolphii I.Williams, 1975)
One case of an epithet based on a surname Rudolph (Viola rudolphi Sparre, 1949),
correctable to rudolphii
variant: rodolphi [1/2]. Case:
- Rodolpho Sigueira Rodrigues (Parinarium rodolphi Huber, 1910)
Note Rodolfo, with rodolfi, rodolfii and rodolfoi (based on a Rodolfo) each published once:
- Rodolfo Martinez Gallegos, son [1/2] (Echeveria rodolfi Mart.-Avalos
& Mora-Olivo, 2000)
- Prof. Rodolfo
Emilio Giuseppe Pichi Sermolli [1/2] (Dryopteris rodolfii J.P.Roux, 2004)
- Sr Rodolfo Stuempfle H. [1/2] (Masdevallia wageneriana var. rodolfoi
Brass, 1977, syn. Masdevallia rodolfoi
(Brass) Luer, 1978)
When rudolphi is based on Rudolf it clearly is a case of an intentional latinization, to be accepted as by Art 60.7. The most sensible option appears to accept rudolphi (and rodolphi) as latinized epithets, while letting rudolfii and rodolfoi be governed by Rec 60C.1.
Rutgerus
(Roger, Rogier, Rutger)
associated form:
- Roger J. Hnatiuk
[1/2] (Conostylis rogeri Hopper, 1987; Micromyrtus
rogeri J.W.Green ex Rye, 2002)
(Salomo, Salomon, Solomon)
Hebrew in origin. Old Testament, King Salomo(n). Not very common as a given name (cf Aäron)
Epithet salomonis [0?]
Note: it could be established that of the epithets salomonis [ut7] at least half refer to the Solomon islands (preferably salomonensis [ut60]). It seems likely that this also applies to the rest. Note that the single use of solomonis refers to the collector, presumably James Solomon, who is otherwise commemorated by solomonii. This presumably is a case of treating a surname with the same form as a given name as if it is that given name.
(Salvador, Salvator)
Latin in origin. Saint: a latterday Spanish saint (1520-1567).
epithet: salvatoris [1/2-ut7]. Case:
- l’Archiduc Louis Salvator [1/2] (Anemopsis ludovici-salvatoris Willk., 1877; Rhamnus ludovici-salvatoris Chod., 1909).
Note that salvatoris can also be geographic (City of Salvador) (such a city in Bahia: Cassia salvatoris H.S.Irwin & Barneby, 1978; Chamaecrista salvatoris (H.S.Irwin & Barneby) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, 1982)
Note salvadoris [1/2] and salvadori [1/2]
Samuel
(Sam, Samuel)
Hebrew in origin. Old Testament
Epithet: samuelis [?]
Sebastianus
(Bas,
Bastiaan, Sebastiaan, Sebastian)
Greek in origin. Saint: St Sebastian was shot full of arrows, which caught the popular imagination.
Epithet: sebastiani [ut4?]
Note: epithets sebastian(i)i based on surname
Sebastian or Sebastiani (Jesús
Sebastián [1/2] Hibiscus sebastiani Fuertes, 1992, correctly sebastianii)
Note: the epithet sebastian(i)i can be geographic
[1/2] (Eugenia sebastiani Urb., 1928, Cuba, ad Rio San Sebastian; Neea sebastianii
Steyerm., 1987, Venezuela, Isla Sebastian)
Simon / Simeon
(Sijmen, Simen, Simeon, Simon)
Hebrew in origin: Simeon, in both Old and New Testament. The Greek form is Simon (New Testament).
Epithet: simonis [ut4], simeonis [ut4]. Cases:
- Simon J. Mayo
[1/2] (Erythroxylum simonis Plowman, 1986), adjective simonianus [1/2] (Philodendron simonianum
C.M.Sakuragui, 2001)
- Père Siméon Tem [ut4] (Albizia simeonis Harms, 1921; Habenaria simeonis Kranzl., 1921; Liparis simeonis Schltr., 1924)
- Simeon Delmas [1/2] (Pennisetum simeonis Forest Brown, 1931)
Note epithets simon(i)i based on a surname Simon, such as Eugène Simon by Carrière [ut7] and Charles Simon by Hub.-Mor. [ut4], where necessary to be corrected to simonii.
Solomon
see Salomon
Stanley
A surname that came into use as a given name.
Epithet: stanleyi
[ut7]. Case:
- Victor Stanley Peers [Eggli] [1/2] (Mesembryanthemum stanleyi L.Bolus, 1927, syn Hereroa stanleyi (L.Bolus) L.Bolus, 1960, Chasmatophyllum stanleyi (L.Bolus) H.E.K.Hartmann, 2001)
Stephanus
(Stef, Stephen, Steve, etc)
Greek in origin. A martyr in the New Testament (Acts 6, 7). Saints: several, St Stefanus I was Pope from 254-257. In use as a given name since early in the Middle Ages.
Epithet stephani [ut4 or more ?], adjective stephanianus [ut15???]. Cases:
- Esteban Martínez
[1/2] (Fuirena
stephani Ramos & Diego, 2002,
perhaps also Jatropha stephani J.Jiménez
Ram. & Mart.Gord. 1991 after a Stephan Martínez [Eggli])
- Stephan Beck, German botanist [1/2] (Fabiana stephanii Hunz.
& Barboza, 1993)
Note: epithet stephanii based on surname Stephan or Stephani
Note: a case [1/2] of a surname Esteban being latinized as
if a given name (Limonium stephani Sennen, 1936)
(Teodoro, Theo, Theodor(e))
Greek.
Epithet: theodori [ut 30]. Cases:
- Teodoro Rojas (Ipomoea theodori O’Donell, 1948)
- Theodor Herzog (Epidendrum theodori Schltr., 1922; Habenaria theodori Schltr., 1922)
- Theodore Stuckert (Peperomia theodori Trel., 1940)
- Dr Thore C.E.Fries [ut4?, at least once as ‘theodoris’]
cf Cliffortia theodori-friesii Weimarck, 1933
Thomas / Thomasius?
(Tom, Tomas, Thomas)
Originally a nickname (Aramic for “twin”) for an apostle in the New Testament. Saints: several, notably Thomas of Aquino (1226-1274) and Thomas More (of Utopia fame)
Epithet thomasii ? [?]. Case:
- Thomas Hoeije [1/2] (Dendrophthora thomasii Kuijt, 1986)
Note: the overwhelming majority of epithets are based on a surname Thomas.
Adjective thomasianus
- Dr. Thomas M. Antonio [1/2] (Heliconia thomasiana W.J.Kress, 1986)
The adjective thomasianus will usually be based on a surname, but may indicate an origin on the Isle of St Thomas
Timotheus
(Tim, Timothy)
Greek in origin. New Testament. Saints: one in Ancient Rome, one later (third or fourth century).
Epithet: timothei [ut4]. Case:
- Timothy Plowman [1/2] (Calathea timothei H.Kenn., 1977; Heliconia timothei L.Andersson, 1985)
adjective timothianus [1/2]
- Timoci Bebe (Timothy Mbembe) [1/2] (Piper timothianum A.C.Sm. 1942, syn Macropiper timothianum (A.C.Sm.) A.C.Sm., 1975) Note that this is a case where the original publication actually provides two separate spellings for the name of the person honoured by the epithet.
(Oldrik, Ulrich, Ulrik)
Germanic in origin. Saint: St.Ulrich 890-973.
epithet ulrici [1/2]. Cases:
- Ulrich
Lautner [1/2] (Tillandsia
ulrici Ehlers, 2000)
- meinen Vater [1/2] (Rubus johannis-ulrici Keller 190?)
Latin in origin. Saints: several, the first of whom was a pope (189-198 AD).
epithet: victoris [ut15]. Cases:
- Victor Peers [ut4]
- Victor
Samuel Summerhayes (1892-‘74) [1/2] (Bulbophyllum victoris Cribb & Perez-Vera, 1975)
Adjective (either by
Rec 60C.1 or 60C.2):
- Victor Manuel Patiño [ut4?] (Attalea victoriana Dugand, 1954; Eugenia victoriana Cuatrec., 1970; Matisia victoriana Fern.Alonso, 2001)
Note that victorianus [ut7?] more usually refers to a geographical feature as may victoriae [ut15], preferably victoriensis [ut15].
Vincentius
(Vince, Vincent)
Latin in origin. Saints: quite a few, from the first centuries A.D. onwards.
Epithet vincentii [1/2?, at most ut15]. Case:
- William Vincent Fitzgerald [1/2] (Acacia vincentii R.S.Cowan
& Maslin, 1990)
Note epithet vincentis [ut4] after the Isle of St. Vincent, to which also refer most epithets vincentinus and vincentina. Also the lone vincentiensis.
************
Preliminary results on
masculine given names
1.Which given names are accepted as second declension latinized forms?
a) unproblematic is the category where the latinized form includes an -i:
Anthony (Antonius) –> antonii; Emil (Aemilius) –> (a)emilii; Eugenio (Eugenius) –> eugenii; Eustace (Eustachius) –> eustachii; Julius –> julii; Lars (Laurentius) –> laurentii Vincentius –> vincentii. Probably best included here are Ernestius and Thomasius.
b) unproblematic is the category where the stem ends on a vowel (or -er) :
André (Andreus) –> andrei; Matthew (Matthaeus)
–> matthaei; Tim (Timotheus) –> timothei; Roger –>
rogeri; Rutger –> rutgeri; Walter –> walteri.
c) mostly unproblematic is the category where the latinized form is quite different in spelling form the given name and is thus protected by Art 60.7:
Alexander –> alexandri; Charles –> caroli; Kristof –> christophori; Frank –> francisci, Lodewijk –> ludovici; Peter –> petri; René –> renati; (theoretically also Jeroen/Gerome –> hieronymi). Note the cohesive group of Diederik –> diderici; Erich/Erik–> erici, Fred(e)rik/Friedrich –> frederici / friderici; Hendrik/Heinrich –> henrici; Ulrich/Ulrik –> ulrici.
However, a curious paradox exists in that as a given name more closely matches its latinized form there is a point where Art 60.7 (if applied strictly) would appear to reverse in its application: the given names Frederick, Frederik, Fredrik, Freek and Friedrich can be commemorated in frederici as this is a distinct latinization, but for the similar given names of Frederic or Frederico the epithet frederici differs only in the termination (from an epithet formed by Rec 60C.1). Just think of Welwitsch, who was born an Austrian (as Friedrich) but moved to Portugal where he worked as a botanist (known as Frederico). It is here that Rec 60C.2 comes into play. It is quite noticeable that Art 60.7, 60.11, Rec 60C.1 and 60C.2 mesh rather well when it comes to surnames, but clash when it comes to given names. Similarly adolphi and rudolphi (rodolphi) are clear latinizations when based on their German originals Adolf and Rudolf (Rodolf), but it is a different matter when compared to South American forms Adolpho and Rodolpho. This is worse for names such as Albert and Robert, that do not enjoy very much variation (Albert, Alberto with Appie being fairly unusual; similarly Robert, Roberto, sometimes Robbert, but more frequently Rob, Robbie). Also Ferdinand. On the other hand, Paulus is popular in many languages, with several forms (Pablo, Paolo, Pavel, Paul, Paulo) although Paul will be the predominant form.
d) it is notable that some venerable given names do not appear accepted as latinized forms (Benjamin, David, probably also Abraham and Adam)
2. Which given names are accepted as third declension latinized forms? There appears to be a fairly strong link to the Bible.
a) Hebrew names on -ël (‘êl’ is Hebrew for “God”),
mostly from the Old Testament
Daniël –> danielis; Gabriël –> gabrielis; Michaël –> michaelis; Nathaniël –> nathanielis; Rafaël –> raphaelis; Immanuël –> (im)manuelis. Possibly also Samuël –> samuelis.
b) names on -o and
-on: primarily Sim(e)on –> sim(e)onis (NT); perhaps also Salomo(n) –>
salomonis; Aaron –>
aaronis.
c) prominent in the
New Testament: Jo(h)annes –> jo(h)annis;
d) not from the
Bible
Germanic, on -o (or -on): Egon –> egonis; Hugo –> hugonis; Otto –> ottonis
(usage is very limited: only one person for each of these epithets)
Latin, on -tor: Victor –> victoris; Salvator –> salvatoris (unpublished: Hector –> hectoris)
( Latin, on -ix: unpublished(?): Felix –> felicis)
It is noticeable that the ‘latinized forms’ in third declension are usually very close or identical in spelling to the most common form of the matching given name, differing only in the termination. The most clearly different (besides raphaelis) would be felicis from Felix, but it is unclear if any name using this epithet (based on a given name) was ever published.
A minor issue is the ending -oi for given names on -o (Eduardo –> eduardoi) , comparable to the -eae issue for feminine given names. Relatively few cases exist of this undesirable phenomenon.
***
Obviously almost all given names with genitives in third declension depend upon Rec 60C.2 for protection. For second declension genitives there appear to be two criteria to decide on what is and is not a latinized form:
1) original spelling / established custom
2) The number of ‘common’ given names based on that particular ‘latinized form’ and the amount of variation in the spelling of these given names
Unproblematic:
antonii, aemilii, casparii, claudii, emilii, eugenii, eustachii, julii, laurentii,vincentii (with probable inclusions of ernestii and thomasii)
andrei, matthaei, nicolai, timothei, rutgeri, walteri
alexandri, petri,
caroli, francisci, guil(l)(i)elmi, ludovici, philippi, renati, reginaldi, theodori [unpublished: hieronymi)
diderici, [erici ], frederici / friderici, henrici, ulrici
armandii, arthurii, benjaminii, borisii, davidii, desmondii, donaldii, gordonii, helmutii, hendrikii, joachimii, johnii, juanii, julianii, leonardii, lodewijkii, ludwigii, richardii, rudolfii, wilhelmii
Unresolved :
abrahami, adami, adriani, alfredi, arnoldi, bern(h)ardi, christiani, lucasi, martini
epithets to which the protection as offered by Rec 60C.2 is especially relevant:
alberti, augusti, eduardi, [erici, ] ferdinandi, gustavi, jacobi, josephi, pauli, roberti, sebastiani, stephani
(adolphi, rudolphi)
A special
case is georgei versus georgii
Summing
up: the traditonal latinized forms are especially those given names that can be
described as “Christian names” in the narrow sense of the word.
Note that in the older literature there is a strong tendency not to give etymology, or to restrict the etymology to “my wife”, “the Rev. B.C.Henry’s wife”, “my younger daughter”, or to give the etymology in Latin (in the genitive). None of these are particularly helpful in establishing exact spelling.
Germanic in origin. Basic form will be Adelheid (hence Heidi)
Epithet: adelaidae [ut4]. Case:
- Adelaida de Böhmer [1/2] (Sigmatostalix adelaidae Königer, 1995; Oncidium adelaidae Königer, 1995)
associated forms:
adae [1/2]
adelae [ut4]. Case
- Mme Adele Berthoud [1/2] (Dipcadi adelae Beauverd, 1914)
aidae [1/2]. Case:
- Mrs Aida Baja Lapis [1/2] (Calamus aidae E.S.Fernando, 1989)
aliciae, etc: see Alicia
alidae [1/2]
heidiae [1/2]. Cases:
- Heidi Neuhuber [Eggli] [1/2] (Gymnocalycium × heidiae
G.J.A.Neuhuber, 1999).
- Heidi Krählenbühl [Eggli] [1/2] (Mammillaria heidiae Krainz, 1975, syn Bartschella heidiae (Krainz) Doweld, 2000)
Feminine form of Adrianus
Epithet adrianae [ut7]. Case:
- Adriana, wife of A.P.Sijm [ut4] (Dracula adrianae Luer, 1998; Masdevallia adrianae Luer, 1998; Pleurothallis adrianae Luer & Sijm, 2002; Stelis adrianae Luer, 2002; probably Lepanthes adrianae Luer, 2002)
(Agaath,
Agatha, Agathe)
Greek in origin. Very long in use as a given name.
Epithet agathae [0].
(Agna, Agnella, Agn(e)es, Agnesa, Agnese, Agneta, Agnete, Agnita, Ines, Inés, Inez)
This is rather unclear. It appears uncontroversial that the basic form is Agnes (presumably from the Greek ‘hagnos’, leading to a Greek name Hagne?). St. Agnes was a martyr in ancient Rome. As a given name Agnes has been in use for a thousand years.
Established custom offers very limited guidance here: epithets agnes (in apposition) [1/2], agnesae [1/2], agnesiae [1/2], agnetae [1/2], agnetis [1/2] and agnis [1/2] have all been published, although only of agnes, agnetae and agnis it could be established that they are indeed based on a given name.
It is unambiguous, under Art 60.7, that agnetis and agnetae are acceptable as an epithet based on Agnes, while it is debatable whether agnesae would be acceptable. A genitive agnis assumes that the ‘latinized form’ should be “Agnis”, a fairly unusual position to take.
Proposed recommended latinized epithet agnetae [1/2]?
Note that “Agneta” (Google: 264.000 hits) is a lot more popular than “Agnesa” (Google: 12.500 hits).
Cases:
- Agnese Battista [1/2] (Haworthia agnis L.Battista, 2002)
- Agnes Roggen [1/2] (Notocactus agnetae Vliet, 1975)
- Agnes Keith [1/2] (Cassia javanica Aubl. var. agnes de Wit., 1955,
syn Cassia agnes (de Wit) Brenan, 1958), syn Cassia
javanica Aubl. subsp. agnes (de Wit) K.Larsen, 1993)
Unresolved:
Abutilon agnesae Borzi, 1911
Didissandra agnesiae Forrest ex
W.W.Sm. 1915, syn Briggsia agnesiae
Craib, 1920
Paspalum agnesiae L.B.Sm.
& Wassh., 1978
Myosotis agnetis Sennen, 1927
Oxalis inesitae Phil., 1893
associated forms:
- Inés de Zulueta [adjective only, 1/2] (Diplostephium inesianum
Cuatrec., 1969). Note that Clusia inesiana
Cuatrec., 1950 is named after a
geographic feature (Alto de Santa Inés)
- Inez Bravo [1/2] (Pleurothallis ineziae
Schltr., 1924)
Alberta
Feminine form of Albertus.
Epithet albertae [0]. All cases of albertae refer to Alberta in Canada.
Alexandra
(Alexa, Sandra, etc)
Feminine form of Alexander.
Epithet alexandrae [ut30]. Cases:
- Alexandra (1844-1925), Princess of Wales (1863-01) [ut4] (Cattleya alexandrae
L.Lind.et Rolfe., 1892; Odontoglossum alexandrae Bateman, 1864; Ptychosperma alexandrae F.Muell., syn Archontophoenix alexandrae (F.Muell.) H.Wendl. &
Drude, 1875).
- Alexandra Sobennikoff, married to Rudolf Schlechter [ut4] (Dendrobium alexandrae Schltr., 1912, syn Latourorchis alexandrae (Schltr.) F.G.Brieger, 1981, syn Sayeria alexandrae (Schltr.) S.Rauschert, 1983; Bulbophyllum alexandrae Schltr., 1925; Habenaria alexandrae Schltr., 1919; Pleurothallis alexandrae Schltr., 1923).
- Sandra K. Austin [1/2] (Ipomoea alexandrae D.F.Austin, 1982)
Alicia
(Alice, Alicia, Aliza)
Form of Adelheid / Adelaida (q.v.).
Epithet aliciae [ut30]. Cases:
- Alicia Lourteig [ut4] (Heteropterys aliciae W.R.Anderson, 1987; Matelea aliciae Morillo, 1987; Salvia aliciae É.P.dos Santos, 1993)
- Alice Barnes [1/2]
(Impatiens aliciae C.E.C.Fisch., 1934; Begonia aliciae C.E.C.Fisch., 1939)
- Alice Rasse [1/2] (Crassula aliciae Raym.-Hamet, 1909, syn Sedum aliciae (Raym.-Hamet) Raym.-Hamet, 1910, syn Sinocrassula aliciae (Raym.-Hamet) A.Berger, 1930, syn Orostachys aliciae (Raym.-Hamet) H.Ohba 1978, syn Kungia aliciae (Raym.-Hamet) K.T.Fu, 1988).
- Alice Leblanc [1/2] (Kalanchoe aliciae Raym.-Hamet 1910, syn Bryophyllum aliciae (Raym.-Hamet) A.Berger, 1930)
variant: alicae (implicit latinization Alica) [ut4]. Case:
- Grossherzogin Alice [1/2] [Backer: second daughter of Queen Victoria] (Areca alicae F.Muell. 1879)
associated form
celiae [1/2] anagram for Alice Leblanc [Eggli] [1/2] (Sedum celiae
Raym.-Hamet, 1913)
cf. liciae for Alice Rasse [Eggli] [1/2] (Rhodiola chrysanthemifolia ssp liciae Raym.-Hamet)
Rec 60C.1: aliceae [ut7?] [unverified]
(Erigeron
aliceae Howell, 1900; Euphorbia aliceae A.Nelson, 1906)
Usually Germanic, short for various other forms
Epithet alinae [ut15]. Cases:
- Alina, daughter of Sir William MacGregor [Backer] [1/2] (Vittadinia alinae F.Muell., 1889, syn Erigeron alinae Boerl., 1891, syn Tetramolopium alinae Mattf., 1929, syn Luteidiscus alinae (F.Muell.) St.John, 1974)
- wife Alina [1/2] (Zapoteca alinae H.M.Hern., 1989)
- wife Alina [ut7] by Szlach.
- Alina Freire Fierro [1/2] (Monnina alinae B.Eriksen, 2000)
(Amable, Mabel, Mabelia)
Epithet amabilis [? at least one]. Case:
- Mabel Grande, a pseudonym? [Eggli] [1/2?] (Phyllobolus amabilis Gerbaulet
& Struck, 1996)
Note: amabilis is commonly used as an adjective in a descriptive sense (“pleasing”)
Short form of several Germanic names. Saint: eight century saint by that name. Not to be confused with Aemilia
Epithet: amaliae [ut15?]. Cases:
- wife Amalia Vissers [1/2] (Sporobolus amaliae Veldkamp, 1991)
- Amalia Lehmann de Sarria [1/2] (Dracula amaliae Luer & R.Escobar, 1979; Pleurothallis amaliae Luer & R.Escobar, 1981, syn Stelis amaliae (Luer & R.Escobar) Pridgeon
& M.W.Chase, 2001)
Note reginae-amaliae [ut4]
(Andrea, Andrée)
Feminine form of Andreus.
Epithet andreae [ut15?]. Cases:
- Andrea Niessen de Uribe [1/2] (Chondrorhyncha andreae P.Ortíz, 1994)
- Andrée Millar [1/2] (Coryphopteris andreae R.E.Holttum, 1976) cf. Dendrobium andreemillariae
T.M.Reeve, 1982, syn Coelandria andreemillariae
(T.M.Reeve) M.A.Clem., 2003
Rec 60C.1:
- Andrée Millar [1/2] (Bulbophyllum andreeae A.D.Hawkes, 1956) cf. Dendrobium andreemillariae
T.M.Reeve, 1982, syn Coelandria andreemillariae
(T.M.Reeve) M.A.Clem., 2003
Note: the use of the surname Andreae as a noun in apposition [1/2-?], involving at least two different such persons (Wilhelm Andreae, Germany [Eggli], and H[ans] Andreae, collector in South Africa). To be corrected to andreaei ?
(Angela, Angelica, Angelique)
Greek in origin
Epithet angelae [1/2], adjective angelana [1/2]
- Mrs Angeles G. Lopez de Kiesling [Eggli] [Angela Kiesling,
née Angeles Graciela Lopes, married to Roberto Kiesling] [1/2] (Gymnocalycium angelae Meregalli, 1998)
Rec 60C.1:
- Mrs Angeles G. Lopez de Kiesling [Eggli] [1/2] (Trichocereus angelesii
R.Kiesling, 1978, syn Echinopsis angelesii
(R.Kiesling) G.D.Rowley, 1980; Frailea angelesii
R.Kiesling ex Prestlé, 1997, without
latin descr. or type, both correctly angelesiae?)
associated forms:
angelicae [1/2?]. Case:
- Angelika Rusch [Eggli]
[1/2] (Conophytum
angelicae N.E.Br., 1925)
Note angelica [ut4?]
- Mrs. Angelique Wallace [Eggli] [1/2] (Aloe
angelica Pole Evans, 1934, an
adjective? or a latinized form in apposition?
- Bobbi Angell (artist) [1/2] (Mezia angelica W.R.Anderson, 1997, also a most curious item, but likely good Latin?)
Note that angelica can also be descriptive (angel’s wings) or geographical [ut4]. Also the name of a genus, a noun in apposition.
(An, Ana, Anika, Anina, Anita, Ann, Anna, Anne, Annelie,
Annette, Annick, Annie, Annika, Anoek, Anouck, Anouk, Anouska, Ans, Antje, etc,
etc)
Anna is the Greek form
of the Hebrew Hanna, the mother of Maria (Apocrypha), and patron saint of
mothers. Very long in use as a given name.
Epithet: annae [ut30]. Cases:
- Anna Candida [pianist] [1/2] (Calathea annae H.A.Kenn. &
J.Marcelo, 1997)
- Anne Sing [1/2] (Dysoxylum annae Mabb., 1994)
associated forms:
anitae [ut7]
annettae [1/2]. Case:
- Annette Hladik [1/2] (Salacia annettae N.Hallé, 1986)
annabellae [ut7]. Cases:
- Annabella Keith (married to Henry O. Forbes) [Backer] [1/2] (Polypodium annabellae Forbes, 1888; Alpinia annabellae Ridl., 1925)
- Mrs Annabelle Stockton [1/2] (Epidendrum annabellae Nir, 1994)
Rec 60C.1: anneae [1/2]. Case:
- Anne Prance [1/2] (Licania anneae Prance, 1979)
Rec 60C.1: annieae [1/2] (Lupinus annieae C.P.Sm., 1944) [unverified]
Rec 60C.1: anniae [1/2] (Berberis anniae Ahrendt, 1940) [unverified]
Note the curious adjective anniana:
- Anni Lau [Eggli] [1/2] (Mammillaria anniana Glass & R.A.Foster, 1981)
- [?!?] de mon épousse Anne Corallis [1/2] (Arthropteris anniana
A.Lawalrée, 1990) ?!?!? correctly: anneana
? annana ?
Rec 60C.1: annickiae [1/2]
- Prof Annick Le Thomas [1/2] (Uvaria annickiae Jongkind, 2002; Mauloutchia annickiae Sauquet, 2004)
- ??? [1/2] (Crotalaria mariae-antoniae Aschers ex Baker)
[unverified]
anthoniae [1/2]. Case:
- Anthonia Kleinhoonte [1/2]
antonietae [1/2]. Case:
- Frau Antonieta Foelgner [1/2] (Begonia × antonietae Brade, 1957)
antoninae [ut15?]. Case:
- Antonina Georgievna Borisova Bekryashcheva [ut7?] (Alcea antoninae Iljin, 1949).
Note latinization of a surname as if a a given name
- Margery S. Anthony [Eggli] [1/2] (Cylindropuntia × antoniae
P.V.Heath, 1994)
Feminine form of Augustus.
Epithet augustae [unknown but at most ut4].
Scandinavian, Astrid was one of the Walkures.
- Astrid Schwantes [1/2] (Mesembryanthemum astridae Dinter ex Schwantes, 1926)
Presumably older than its Greek form. Saint: St Barbara died c 306 AD in Asia Minor. Several centuries in common use as a given name.
Epithet barbarae [ut15]. Cases:
- Bárbara Ruthsatz [1/2] (Senecio barbarae
Cabrera, 1974)
- Mrs Barbara Warburton [1/2] (Phyllanthus barbarae
M.C.Johnst., 1986)
- Barbara Elizabeth Jones [wife?] [1/2] Corybas barbarae D.L.Jones, 1988)
Note: the geographic sanctae-barbarae [ut7+]
Feminine form of Beatus (a Latin name).
Rec 60C.1: beateae [1/2]
Beatrix
(Beatrice, Beatrijs, Beatrix, Beatriz)
Latin, “bringing fortune” (f). St Beatrix died c 304. About
a thousand years in use as a given name.
Accepted latinized epithet: beatricis [ut7]. Cases:
- Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands [1/2] (Alstonia beatricis
K.Sidiyasa, 1996)
- Beatriz de Escobar
[1/2] (Notyliopsis beatricis P.Ortíz (1996); Platystele
beatricis P.Ortíz, 2002)
- Beatriz de Morillo [wife] [1/2] (Marsdenia beatricis Morillo,
1974; Cynanchum beatricis Morillo 1978)
- Mrs Beatrice Ensor [1/2] (Erica beatricis Compton, 1943).
associated forms:
beatrizae (implicit latinization Beatriza) [1/2].
Case:
- Beatriz López [1/2] (Lepanthes beatrizae Luer & R.Escobar, 1997)
beatricae (implicit latinization Beatrica) [1/2]. Case:
- unknown (Ptychosperma beatricae F.Muell, 1882, syn Archontophoenix beatricae (F.Muell.) Martelli, 1935)
[Benedicta
Both epithets benedictae after a surname Benedict ]
(Berte, Bertha, Berthe)
Germanic, “bright”. Basic form is Berta. Several saints by that name; earlier it was a (semi)deity (probably). Long in use as a given name.
Epithet berthae [ut7]. Cases:
- Berthae Cosson (filiae phytographi ... Algerici)
[genitive] [1/2] (Plagianthus berthae F.Muell., 1865,
syn Lawrencia berthae (F.Muell.)
Melville, 1966)
- Sra. Bertha de Laserna [1/2] (Dracula berthae Luer &
R.Escobar, 1979)
- Sra. Bertha de Portillo [1/2] (Masdevallia berthae Luer &
Andreetta, 1989)
- Doña Bertha Hernández de Ospina, [1/2] (Telipogon berthae
P.Ortíz, 1994)
Note: one name with epithet after a surname Berta (Philodendron bertae K.Krause, 1913)
Bettina see Elisabeth
Bonnie
Scottish in origin. Came into use as a given name in the twentieth century
- Bonnie Brunkow [Eggli] [1/2] (Puna bonnieae D.J.Ferguson &
R.Kiesling, 1997, syn Maihueniopsis bonnieae
(D.J.Ferguson & R.Kiesling) E.F.Anderson, 1999, syn Opuntia bonnieae (D.J.Ferguson & R.Kiesling) Halda & Janeba, 2000, syn Tephrocactus bonnieae (D.J.Ferguson &
R.Kiesling) Stuppy, 2001)
(Brigiet, Brigit, Brigitta, Brigitte, Britt, Britta)
Gaelic in origin (a Godess), later Irish. Saint: St. Brigitta van Kildare (453-523)
Epithet: brigittae [ut4]. Case:
- Mrs Brigitta de Wilde-Duyfjes [1/2] (Xanthophyllum brigittae Meijden, 1988; Elaeocarpus brigittae Coode, 1994)
(Ceciel, Cecil, Cecile, Cecilia)
Latin. More than eight hundred years in use as a given name.
Epithet ceciliae [15]. Cases:
- Cecilia Rizzini (artist) [1/2] (Beloperone ceciliae Machado, 1950)
- Cecilia Ezcurra [1/2] (Dyschoriste ceciliae Wassh. & J.R.I.Wood, 2003)
- Cecilia Viennot van Maseyk [1/2] (Sarcochilus ceciliae F.Muell.)
variant: caeciliae. One (?) case:
- Caecilie Seler, caeciliae [ut15], note adjective caecilianus
[ut4]
Note epithet cecilae [ut15] after Mrs Evelyn Cecil: correctable (Art 60.11) to ceciliae.
This means that ceciliae is also correct for a
surname Cecil (f), a further case being Mrs Stella Gascoyne-Cecil [1/2] (Adiantum ceciliae
Alston 1960)
celiae [ut15]. Basically one case only:
- Celia K. Maguire [ut15], adjective celianus [1/2]
The sole exception is one celiae that is an anagram [sort of] for aliciae, see Alice
- Sheila Collenette [ut15]
- wife [1/2] (Leucadendron sheilae I.J.M.Williams, 1972; Acmadenia sheilae I.J.M.Williams, 1974)
Feminine form of Camillus. Best know from Vergil’s Aeneis.
Epithet camillae [1/2]
Variant:
camilae [1/2]
The given name Carmen is said to be derived from Mount Carmel / Karmel in the Holy Land. There is one case of an epithet based on Carmena and one case of an epithet based on Carmencita, both referring to a given name Carmen. Sometimes the basic form is assumed to be Carmela.
(Carla, Carolina, Caroline, Charlotte, Karla, Karlijn,
Karola, Karoline)
Feminine form of Carolus.
Epithet carolinae [ut15]. Cases:
- miss Caroline Bleakley [1/2] (Stenandrium carolinae Leonard &
Proctor, 1960)
- Caroline, deceased wife of Dr Augustine Henry [1/2] (Quercus carolinae
Skan ex Dunn, syn Pasania carolinae Schottky, 1912, syn Synaedrys carolinae Koidz., 1916, syn Lithocarpus carolinae Rehder., 1919)
- Dr Caroline Pannell [1/2] (Dysoxylum carolinae D.J.Mabberley, 1994)
- mi esposa, Carolina [1/2] (Prunus carolinae Garcia-Barr., 1983)
Rec 60C.1: carolineae [1/2]
- Caroline Wheeler [Eggli] [1/2] (Aloe carolineae L.E.Newton, 2002)
- ? [1/2] (Quercus carolineana
Hort. ex Dippel, 1892)
Rec 60C.1: caroliae [ut4]
- Carol J. Mickel [1/2] (Elaphoglossum caroliae J.T.Mickel, 1992)
- Carol Lindberg [1/2] (Stelis caroliae Luer, 2004)
(Catelijn, Catharina, Catherine, Kaatje, Kajsa, Kalijn,
Kalle, Kathleen, Karen, Karin, Katalin, Katarina, Kate, Kathy, Katrien,
Katrina, Trijntje, Trina)
Presumably from the Greek ‘katharos’ (“pure”), but possibly from a different source. St. Catherina died a martyr’s death in 307. Became popular as a given name following the Crusades.
Accepted latinized epithet catharinae [ut7?]. Cases:
- Catherine M.Bangham [1/2] (Kayea catharinae Merr., 1934, syn Mesua catharinae (Merr.) Kosterm., 1969; Adenia catharinae
Merr., 1934)
- Kathleen Deere Phelps [1/2] (Tibouchina catharinae Pittier, 1947)
variant: catherinae [ut4]
At least one of the epithets catherinae after the resemblance to a catharine wheel.
Rec 60C.1: catherineae [1/2], catherineanus [1/2]
- Catherine Ryves, wife (Styppeiochloa catherineana Cope & Ryves, 2003)
variant: katharinae [ut7+]. Cases:
- Käthe Hoffmann [ut7]
- Miss K. Saunders [1/2] (Zaluzianskya katharinae Hiern)
variant: katherinae [ut7]. Cases:
- Katherine Hawkes Chatham, mother [ut4]
- Mrs Katherine K.Muller [1/2] (Choisya katherinae C.H.Müll., 1940)
- Katherine Saunders [1/2] (Haemanthus katherinae Baker, 1877)
Rec 60C.1 ? : katheriniae [1/2]. Case:
- Mrs. Morris Clint [Katherine L. Clint?] [1/2] (Zephyranthes katheriniae L.B.Spencer, 1985)
Note: the epithet catharinae is often [ut15] geographical: St Catharina, Brazil, also sanctae-catharinae [ut7+]. The sole catarinae [1/2] is also geographic.
associated forms:
kathleenae [1/2]
kathyae [1/2]
- Karine, daughter of Abel Rodriguez [1/2] (Masdevallia karineae
Nauray, ex & Luer, 2000)
- Mrs. Karin
Douthit [artist] [1/2]
(Byrsonima kariniana W.R.Anderson, 1981)
Femine form of Christianus. Saints: several. In use as a given name for over a thousand years.
1) accepted latinized epithet christinae [ut7]. Cases:
- daughter Christine Bickett [1/2] (likely Lupinus christinae A.Heller, 1940)
- daughter Christina H.Hodel [1/2] (Chamaedorea christinae D.R.Hodel, 1997)
- Mevrouw Christina du Toit-Reitz [1/2] (Lithops christinae de Boer, 1958).
variant [?]: cristinae [1/2]:
- Maria Cristina Miranda [1/2] (Constantia cristinae F.E.Miranda, 1991)
Rec. 60C.1: christineae [1/2]. christineanus [1/2]. Cases:
- Miss Christine (Chris) Cox [1/2] (Cynanchum christineae
P.I.Forst., 1989, syn Vincetoxicum christinae (P.I.Forst.)
S.Liede, 1996)
- wife Christine G.Hopper [1/2] (Caladenia christineae Hopper & A.P.Br., 2001, syn Arachnorchis christineae (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones
& M.A.Clem., 2002, syn Calonemorchis christineae (Hopper
& A.P.Br.) Szlach. & Rutk. 2003)
- Mrs Christine Chowning [1/2] (Dracula christineana Luer, 2002)
Rec. 60C.1: christiniae [1/2] [unverified]
- ??? (Grevillea christiniae D.J.McGillivray, 1986)
2) accepted latinized epithet: christianae [ut4]. Case:
- Christiane (Mrs A.H.) Heller [1/2] (Dendrobium christianae
A.H.Heller, 1957, syn Aporum christianae
(A.H.Heller) S.Rauschert, 1983)
Rec. 60C.1: christianeae [ut7]. Cases:
- Christiane Peckover [1/2] (Brachystelma christianeae R.Peckover, 1992, syn Tenaris christianeae (Peckover) J.E.Victor &
A.Nicholas, 1998)
- Christiane Eva Seidenschnur Anderson [ut4] (Byrsonima christianeae W.R.Anderson, 1981; Hiraea christianeae W.R.Anderson, 1993; Janusia christianeae W.R.Anderson, 1987; Elaphoglossum christianeae J.T.Mickel, 1992)
Claire, Clara, Clare, Klaartje, Klara)
Latin, “Clarus” = bright, cf. Bertha. St Clara (1194-1235) was the founder of a monastic order. Popular as a given name soon after.
accepted latinized epithet: clarae [ut7]. Cases:
- Mme Claire
Schaijes [1/2] (Cynorkis clarae Geerinck (1982); Monadenium clarae
F.Malaisse & J.M.Lecron, 1989)
- Clare
Herscovitch [1/2] ( Schismatoglottis clarae A.Hay, 2000)
- Frau Klara Hopp [1/2] (Houlletia clarae Schltr., 1924, syn Jennyella clarae (Schltr.) Lückel & Fessel, 1999).
Rec 60C.1: clareae [ut4], clareanus [1/2]. Case:
- Clare Reid [1/2] (Protasparagus clareae Oberm., 1992)
Claudia
Feminine form of Claudius
Epithet: claudiae [ut4]. Case:
- dominae Claudiae Kogan gallicae [1/2] (Aechmanthera claudiae
Bernardi, 1963)
variant: claudinae [1/2]. Case:
- Mme Adam[,] Marie-Claudine [1/2] (Triumfetta claudinae J.-G.Adam, 1974)
Clementina
(Clementien, Clementina)
Latin in origin. Feminine form of Clemens.
Epithet clementinae [ut4]
(Concepcion, Conception)
Accepted latinized epithet: concepcionis [0], conceptionis. All cases of concepcionis [ut7] refer to various towns of Concepcion [ut4+] in South America, also commemorated in concepcionensis [1/2]. The same will likely go for conceptionis [ut15]
Loosely based on the feminine form of Conrad.
Epithet: conradinae [1/2]. Case:
- wife [1/2] (Prunus conradinae Koehne, 1912, syn Cerasus conradinae (Koehne) T.T.Yü & C.L.Li, 1986; Sorbus conradinae Koehne, 1913)
Constantia
(Constance, Konstanze)
Latin in origin (feminine form of Constans)
Epithet: constantiae [unknown, at most 1/2]
Rec 60C.1 (?):
- Konstanze Zimmermann [Eggli] [1/2] (Schwantesia constanceae
N.F.A.Zimmermann, 1996)
Note : constantiae can be geographic [1/2] i.e.: Sto. Domingo: in valle de Constanza (Dendropemon constantiae Krug & Urb., 1897, syn Phthirusa constantiae Engl., 1897)
Cornelia (Cor(nel), Keesje,
Nel(lie), Nelly)
Epithet: corneliae [0]. No cases.
Adjective cornelianus [1/2]. Case:
- Mlle Cornelia
Rudio [1/2] (Nigritella
corneliana Beauverd, 1926, syn Gymnadenia corneliana
(Beauverd) Teppner & E.Klein, 1998)
associated form: nelidae [ut4]. Case:
- Prof Nélida
Bacigalupo [ut4] (Borreria nelidae E.L.Cabral, 1981; presumably also Astragalus nelidae Gómez-Sosa, 1988; possibly Verbesina nelidae Cabrera, 1955)
Rec 60C.1: nellyae [1/2]. Case:
- Nelly de
Villota [1/2] (Pleurothallis nellyae P.Ortíz, 1997)
Rec 60C.1: nellieae [1/2]. Case:
- Nellie Davis [Korevaar: wife] (Coryphantha nellieae Croizat, 1934, syn Escobaria nellieae (Croizat) Backeb., 1961, syn Mammillaria nellieae (Croizat) Croizat, 1942)
Greek mythology. Slightly unclear what the accepted genitive
should be. A Latin dictionary gives the genitive danaës (the Greek
genitive). A Latin genitive might be danaïs or danaäe? Used once
(?) as a word in apposition: Helichrysum danaë S.Moore, 1899 (etymology not given).
(Diana, Diane, Dianeira)
Latin, godess of the moon. Came into use as a given name during the Renaissance.
Epithet dianae [at least 1/2, at most ut15]. Case:
- wife Diane [1/2] (Centropogon dianae Lammers, 1998)
Note: a fair number
of epithets dianae refer to Mt Diana / Diana’s Peak on the isle of St
Helena
Feminine form of Didericus
- meiner geliebter Gattin Dirkje Bouma [1/2] (Rumex didericae Danser, 1922)
Probably Greek in origin, but mostly in use among English speaking people
Rec 60C.1: dorisiae [1/2], dorisianus [1/2]. Cases:
- Doris Dukes [1/2] (Masdevallia dorisiae Luer, 1999)
- Doris Zemurray Stone [1/2] (Salvia dorisiana Standl., 1950)
(Dorothea, Dorothy, Dot)
One of the feminine forms of Theodorus (the other is Theodora)
Epithet: dorotheae [ut15]. Cases:
- Miss
Dorothy Westhead [Eggli] [1/2] (Aloe dorotheae A.Berger, 1906)
- Dr Dorothea van Huysteen, dogter van Ds. van Huysteen [1/2] (Lithops dorotheae Nel, 1939)
- Miss Dorothy Lankester [1/2] (Pleurothallis dorotheae Luer, 1980)
- Mrs P. Amaury Talbot [ut7]
Note that in Randia dorothea Wernham, 1919 the “dorothea”, a noun in apposition, is not a feminine given name but the genus Dorothea.
(Edith, Editha)
Anglosaxon in origin. Saint: St Eadgyth lived 961/62 - 984 AD
Epithet edithae [ut15]. Cases:
- Edith Cole [ut4] (Caralluma edithae N.E.Br., 1895, syn Desmidorchis edithiae (N.E.Br.) D.C.H.Plowes, 1995; presumably also Conophytum edithae N.E.Br., 1931; Lithops edithae N.E.Br., 1934)
- wife [1/2] (Aganosma edithae Hance, 1866;
presumably also Camellia edithae Hance, 1861, syn Thea edithae
Kuntze, 1891)
Rec 60C.1: edithiae [1/2], adjective edithianus [1/2]
Edna
Although
this appears in the Old Testament, present day use apparently is entirely due
to writer Edna Lyall, a pseudonym, presumably an anagram. Case:
- Professor Edna Lind (1906-1995) [1/2] (Xyris ednae
J.M.Lock, 1998)
(Eleanor, Eleonora, Eleonore)
Possibly from Arabian Ellinor, came into use in the Provence as “Aliénor”. Among the oldest forms should be Eleonora
Epithet eleonorae [ut7]. Cases:
- Eleonore Huber-Morath [1/2] (Cousinia eleonorae Hub.-Mor., 1972; Verbascum eleonorae Hub.-Mor., 1960)
- Mrs
Eleonore Holmboe [late mother] [1/2] (Iris eleonorae Holmboe, 1907)
variant: ele(a)norae [ut4]. Case:
- my wife Eleanor Constance [1/2] (Poa eleanorae Bor, 1948).
(Beth, Betine, Bettina, Betty, Elsa, Elisa, Eliza, Elsbet, Else, Elsje, Elsina, Elza, Ilse, Lisa, Lise, Liza, etc)
New Testament. Basic
form is Elisabeth. Saints: several. At least some twelvehundred years in use as
a given name.
Epithet: elisabethae [ut30]
variant: elizabethae [ut15]
Note elizabethae
has been used [1/2?] to refer to Elizabethville (Crotalaria elizabethae Baker
f., 1914)
associated forms:
bettinae [ut4]. Case:
- Bettina Luisa
Hermanowski [1/2] (Cyathea bettinae Lehnert, 2004)
Rec60C.1: bettyae [1/2]
- Betty Jeanette Jacobs [1/2] (Agrostis bettyae S.W.L.Jacobs, 2002)
Note Paraboea bettiana M.R.Hend., 1933, syn Emarhendia bettiana (M.R.Hend.) R.Kiew & al., 1998, after Mr.D.Bett
elisae [ut15]:
- wife, Elisa Poo (Rhynchosia elisae O.Téllez, 1995).
- Elisa (fille cadette) [1/2] (Ranunculus elisae J.Gamisans, 1992)
Rec 60C.1: eliseae [1/2]
- Mrs Elise Bodley van Wyk [Eggli] [1/2] (Cotyledon eliseae van Jaarsv., 1997)
elizae [ut4] (unknown, but all by A.Berger)
Rec 60C.1: elizeae [1/2]. Case:
- ??? (Haworthia elizeae Breuer, 2003). [unverified]
elsae [ut4]. Case:
- Else Jaster [1/2] (Trichilia elsae Harms, 1940)
adjective elsanus:
- Elsa Pooley [1/2] (Raphionacme elsana H.J.T.Venter &
R.L.Verhoeven, 1987)
Rec60C.1: elseae [the only such name listed was not validly published?]
elsiae [ut15]. Cases:
- Elsie Esterhuysen [ut15]
- Elsie Broadway [1/2] (Phyllanthus elsiae Urb., 1919)
Rec 60C.1: elsieae [ut7], adjective elsieana [1/2]
- Elsie Esterhuysen, genitive elsieae [ut7], adjective elsieana [1/2]
- Dr Elsie Franklin Guimarães [1/2] (Vernonia elsieae Stutts, 1983)
elzae [1/2]. Case:
- Dr Elza Fromm-Trinta [1/2] (Tropaeolum elzae Sparre, 1991)
Rec60C.1: ilseanus [ut4]. Case:
- Mrs Ilse Zecher (Tillandsia ilseana W.Till, H.Halbritter & E.Zecher, 1989)
isabelae, etc: see Isabella
lilianae see Liliana
lizae [1/2] . Cases:
- Liza Groenendijk [1/2] (Bulbophyllum lizae J.J.Vermeulen, 1984)
- Liz Williamson [1/2] (Cola lizae N.Hallé, 1988)
Eloise see Heloisa
Ellaphie
- Ellaphie Ward-Hilhorst [ut4] (Pelargonium ellaphieae E.M.Marais, 1981; Tylecodon ellaphieae van Jaarsv., 1989; Diascia ellaphieae K.E.Steiner, 1995; presumably Gasteria ellaphieae van Jaarsv., 1991)
(Emilie, Emilia, Emily)
Feminine form of Emilius (basic form Aemilius). Not to be confused with Amalia.
1) Epithet: aemiliae [ut4]. Cases:
- ??? [1/2] (Centaurea aemiliae Font Quer, 1924,
hybr.)
- Profesora Carmen Emilia Benítez de Rojas [ut4] (Cynanchum carmenaemiliae
Morillo 1992; Matelea carmenaemiliae
Morillo, 1997; Ruellia carmenaemiliae
Llamozas, 2003?)
2) Epithet: emiliae [ut15]. Cases:
- Emily Ferguson [1/2] (Gladiolus emiliae L.Bolus, 1933; Watsonia
emiliae L.Bolus, 1932)
- Emily Lott [1/2] ( Spiranthes emiliae M.C.Johnst., 1981, Malpighia emiliae W.R.Anderson, 1987).
- Dr. Emilia Snethlage [1/2] (Azara emiliae Harms, 1932)
Rec 60C.1 adjective emilyanus
[1/2]. Case:
- Emily Lott [1/2] (Tetramerium emilyanum T.F.Daniel, 1986)
Rec 60C.1: emelyae? (Emely being an accepted variant of Emily)
- Emely Ferguson [Eggli: the same as Emily F.] [1/2] (Haworthia emelyae
Poelln., 1937)
(Emma, Emmy)
Germanic in origin. Shortened form of several other given names.
Epithet: emmae [ut7]. Cases:
- Emma Cerrata [1/2] (Senecio emmae Cabrera, 1953)
- Emmy van Nieuwkoop [1/2] (Indigofera emmae I.de Kort &
G.Thijsse)
- Emma E. van Nieuwkoop [1/2] (Knema emmae W.J.J.O.de Wilde, 1996)
Epithet: ernae [at most 1/2]
[ Esmeralda
All epithets esmeralda [ut4], esmeraldae
[ut15] and esmeraldanus [ut7] would appear to refer to geographical
features ]
(Eva, Eve)
Old Testament. Saints: several. Came into use as a given name relatively late, but has been used for eight hundred years or so
Epithet: evae [ut7]. Case:
- late assistant, Miss Eva Minaríková [1/2] (Cryptocoryne evae
Rataj, 1974).
- Mme Eva de Prosch [1/2] (Hygrophila evae Briq., 1902; Kaempferia evae Briq., 1902, syn
Cienkowskiella evae (Briq.) Y.K.Kam, 1980, syn Siphonochilus evae (Briq.)
B.L.Burtt, 1982)
Variant: evitae [1/2]. Case:
- la senora Eva Perón [1/2] (Angelonia evitae Descole & Borsini, 1950)
evelynae [ut4]. Cases:
- Mrs Evelyn Forbes [1/2] (Ceropegia evelynae E.A.Bruce &
Bally, 1951)
- meine Mutter Evelyne Muschler [1/2] (Senecio evelynae Muschl.1909)
Adjective evelynianus [1/2 ?].
Epithet: faithae [1/2]. Case:
- my niece,
Miss Faith Chun [1/2] (Rhododendron
faithae Chun, 1934)
(Frances, Francesca, Francisca, Francoise)
Feminine form of Franciscus.
Epithet: franciscae [0].
variant: francescae [1/2]. Cases:
- Francoise Williamson [1/2] (Euphorbia francescae L.C.Leach, 1984; Bulbine francescae G.Will. & H.Baijnath, 1995)
[Rec 60C.1: francoiseae [1/2] adjective francoiseanus [1/2]
- Françoise Williamson [Eggli] [1/2] (Conophytum wettsteinii ssp. francoiseae)
- Françoise Dowsett-Lemaire [1/2] (Justicia francoiseana
Brummitt, 1985) ]
variant: franziskae [1/2]. Case:
- meiner Mutter [1/2] (Astragalus franziskae Deml, 1972)
Rec 60C.1: francesiae
- Miss Frances
M.Leighton [Eggli] [1/2] (Lampranthus francesiae
H.E.K.Hartmann, 1998)
Note the nickname Fanchon linked to Françoise
- Marie-Françoise Prévost: fanchon(i)ae
[1/2] (Passiflora fanchonae Feuillet, 1986; Cordia fanchoniae Feuillet 2003); adjective
fanchonianus [1/2] (Inga fanchoniana Poncy, 1983)
(Gaby, Gabriela, Gabrielle)
Epithet gabriel(l)ae [ut15].
Cases of gabrielae:
- uxor Gabriela [ut4+] (presumably Anigozanthos gabrielae
Domin, 1912; Chloris gabrielae Domin 1915 [1928]; Dianthus gabrielae Domin, 1926/27; Polygala gabrielae Domin, 1927; Solanum gabrielae Domin, 1929)
- poetissae chilenensi Gabriela Mistral [1/2] (Malesherbia gabrielae
Ricardi, 1967)
- lebensgefährtin Gaby Frey-Burtschner [1/2] (Peucedanum gabrielae
R.Frey, 1989)
Note: gabriellae
[ut4+] [unresolved]
Note gabrielae
[ut7] by Bornmueller referring to the wife of the collector, Herrn Gabriel,
correctly gabrieliae
(Gea, Geertje, Geertruida, Gerda, Gertrude, Gesina)
Germanic in origin, with the basic form given as Geertruida or Gertrude. Saint: one, St.Gertrudis lived 626-659
Epithet gertrudis ? [ut4?].
Adjective gertrudianus [1/2]. Case:
- Miss Gertrude Sinsheimer [1/2 ] (Sedum gertrudianum Eastw., 1931)
associated forms:
gesinae [1/2]. Case:
- wife Gesina [1/2] (Lithops gesinae de Boer, 1955).
Rec 60C.1: gertrudae ??? [1/2]. Case:
- [Gertruda ?] [1/2] (Caladenia gertrudae Ostenf., 1921, syn Cyanicula gertrudae (Ostenf.) Hopper & A.P.Br.,
2000, syn Pentisea gertrudae (Ostenf.)
Szlach., 2001)
Rec 60C.1: gertrudeae ??? [1/2]. Case:
- [Gertrude ?] [1/2] (Phalaenopsis gertrudeae
Quisumb., 1941)
(Grace)
Latin in origin.
Epithet: gratiae [ut4]. Case:
- Grace V. Britten [Eggli] [ut4?] (Delosperma gratiae L.Bolus, 1932; Faucaria gratiae L.Bolus, 1933)
Note the geographic (Lake Grace) Eucalyptus loxophleba ssp gratiae, 1972, syn Eucalyptus gratiae (Brooker) L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill, 1992)
associated forms:
graciellae [ut4]. Cases:
- Dr Graziela M. Barosso [1/2] (Eremanthus graciellae MacLeish &
H.Schumach., 1984)
- Graciela Maciel Barosso [1/2]
(Piptocarpha graciellae Cabrera, 1957; Senecio graciellae Cabrera, 1957)
Rec 60C.1 (?) gracielae [1/2], adjective gracielanus [1/2]. Cases:
- Graciela Calderón
de Rzedowski [1/2] (Tigridia gracielae Aarón
Rodr. & Ortiz-Cat., 2003)
- Graciela Calderón
Diaz-Barriga [1/2] (Megacorax gracielanus
S.González & W.L.Wagner, 2002)
gracielzae
- G. dos Santos ? [1/2] (Adenocalymma gracielzae A.H.Gentry, 1993)
Epithet hazelae [1/2]
Adjective: hazelianus [1/2]
Uncontroversial
Helena
(Aileen, Eileen, Elaine, Elena,
Eline, Ellen, Heleen, Helen, Helena, Helene)
Greek in origin, famous from the Iliad. St Helena was the mother of the Roman Emperor Constantin. Perhaps mixed with a Gaelic or Germanic name later.
Epithet: helenae [ut100]. Cases:
- Herzogin Helena van Aosta [ut30]
- Helen Kennedy [1/2?] (Renealmia helenae Maas, 1975; Ichnosiphon helenae L.Andersson, 1977)
- Helene Renz [1/2] (Ophrys helenae Renz, 1928)
variant / associated form: elenae [ut4]
- née Helen Atkins [1/2] (Erythrina elenae R.A.Howard & W.R.Briggs, 1953)
- Maria Elena Guevara de Richards
[1/2] (Cojoba mariaelenae
L.Rico, 1991)
associated form: hellae [1/2]. Case:
- Hella Fuck Seidel [1/2] (Aechmea hellae W.Weber, 1986)
Rec 60C.1: heleniae [1/2]. Case:
- Helen Kennedy (Philodendron heleniae
Croat, 1997)
Note: helenae may refer to the Isle of St Helen, as may helenianus [ut7] and helenensis [ut4]
Germanic in origin, basic form something like Helewise. French Héloïse. In use in English speaking areas (after 1066) as Heloise. Also Eloisa.
Epithet: heloisae [1/2]
Adjective: heloisanus [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: eloiseae [1/2]
- Eloise Beach [1/2] (Bilbergia eloiseae
R.W.Read & L.B.Sm., 1983)
Henrica
(Hendrika, Henriette, etc)
Feminine form of Henricus
Epithet: henricae [1/2]
- H.Poplawska [Henrietta] [1/2] (Dryas henricae
Juz., 1941)
associated forms:
harrietae [1/2]. Case:
- Harriet G. Barclay [1/2] (Hinterhubera harrietae Cuatrec., 1969)
hariettae [1/2]
- [daughter of] Hon. E. Corning
[1/2] (Phalaenopsis
× harriettae Rolfe., 1887)
Germanic in origin.
Epithet: hildegardis ??? [1/2]
Rec 60C.1: hildegardiae [1/2], adjective hildegardianus [1/2]. Case:
- Hildegard Winter [Eggli] [1/2] (Cleistocactus hildegardiae
F.Ritter, 1980)
- Hildegard Ramirez [1/2] (Gonolobus hildegardiae Morillo, 1988; Matelea hildegardiana Morillo, 1988)
associated form: hildae [ut7] (Hilda is short for several Germanic names, e.g. Hildegonde)
- meiner Frau Hilda Rauh [1/2] (Tillandsia hildae
Rauh, 1973)
- Mrs Hilda Elliott [1/2] (Caladenia hildae Pescott &
Nicholls, 1929, syn Stegostyla hildae
(Pescott & Nicholls) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., 2001)
- Hilda Díaz Soltero [1/2] (Thelypteris hildae Proctor, 1985)
Several sources, can be derived from names on -ida (e.g. Alida, Adelaida, q.v. ) or be an independent Germanic name.
Epithet idae [ut15]. Cases:
- Mrs [Ida] Voorhoeve [1/2] (Didelotia idae J.Leonard, Oldem.
& De Wit, 1964)
- Sra. Ida Ferdinandez [1/2] (Masdevallia idae Luer, 2001)
Note idae [ut4] for Mt Ida (Asia Minor)
(Ina, Ine, Ineke)
Epithet: inae [ut4]. Cases:
- Miss Ina Baker [1/2] (Parsonsia inae
Guillaumin, 1938)
- Ina Ravestijn [1/2] (Neuwiedia inae de Vogel, 1969)
Enigmatic:
- Ina Y. Graig [Eggli, pers.comm.] [1/2] (Mammillaria inaiae R.T.Craig, 1939, syn Ebnerella inaiae (R.T.Craig) Buxb., 1951, syn Chilita inaiae (R.T.Craig) Buxb., 1954, syn Neomammillaria inaiae (R.T.Craig) Y.Ito, 1981)
Scandinavian, Ingrid is one of the Walkures.
Rec 60C.1: ingridiae [1/2]. Case:
- ??? [1/2] (Scilla ingridiae Speta, 1976, syn Othocallis ingridiae (Speta) Speta, 1998)
Adjective: ingridianus [1/2]
- Ingrid de Portilla [1/2] (Lepanthes ingridiana Luer, 2000; Masdevallia ingridiana Luer & J.Portilla, 2000)
(Irene)
From Greek mythology, popular as a given name in Rome, two thousand years ago. In the west only fairly recently popular (nineteenth century onwards?)
Epithet: irenae [ut4]. Case:
- Da. Irene Pabst [1/2] (Dryopteris irenae
Brade, 1965, syn Lastrea irenae (Brade)
Brade, 1972, syn Thelypteris irenae (Brade)
Lellinger, 1984)
Rec 60C.1:
ireneae [1/2]. Case
- Irene Ioannakis [1/2] (Stylidium ireneae
Lowrie & Kenneally, 1998)
Note irenaeus: peaceful (cf. inermis, pacificus)
Note irena in apposition: Geonoma irena F.Borchsenius, 1997,
named after the owner of the type locality, a 15 hectare forest
fragment ... Hacienda Irena
Epithet iridis? [0]
From Greek mythology. In use as a given
name since the nineteenth century. One [?] case:
- Iris, daughter of R.Ilarsen [1/2] (Delphinium iris R.Ilarslan
& Kit Tan, 1990): either a quite unusual genitive, or a noun
in apposition.
Germanic in origin.
Epithet: irmae [1/2]. Case:
- Irma Burger
[Eggli] [1/2] (Conophytum irmae S.A.Hammer &
C.Barnhill, 1997)
Isabelis / Isabella
(Isabel, Isabela, Isabella)
Derived
from Elisabeth, basic form is Isabella, with Isabela the Spanish form.
Epithet isabel(l)ae
[ut 15] (isabelis? [ut4]). Cases:
- wife Fanny Isabel
[1/2] (Hieracium isabellae E.S.Marshall, 1913)
- Miss Isabel Forrest, sister [1/2] (Dracocephalum isabellae
Forrest ex W.W.Sm. 1914).
- Isabel D. Stewart [1/2] (Astragalus isabellae Dunn, 1924)
- Mrs Isabelle King [1/2] (Haworthia isabellae Poelln., 1938)
- Prof. Isabel Basualdo
[1/2] (Baccharis isabelae Soria &
Zardini, 1991)
- Maria Isabel Vasquez [1/2] (Maxillaria mariaisabelae J.T.Atwood, 1984)
Note:
the genitive isabelis has only been used by Sennen (i.e. not
counting Senecio isabelis S.Díaz, 1983 which is after a
geographical feature), as yet unresolved.
variant ysabel(l)ae
[1/2]. Case:
- Ysabel
Wright [Eggli] [1/2] (Thelocactus ysabelae Schlange, 1934, syn Gymnocactus ysabelae
(Schlange) Backeb.,
1961, syn Turbinicarpus ysabelae (K.Schlange) John
& Riha, 1985, syn Pediocactus
ysabelae (Schlange) Halda, 1998)
Note
that ysabelae may also [1/2] refer to Ysabel Island (Solomon Islands),
more appropriately ysabelensis [1/2]
associated
form
isae [1/2]. Case:
- Isa
Degener [1/2] (Wikstroemia isae Skottsb., 1964)
Rec
60C.1: lisabeliae [1/2]
-
Lisabel I. Hall [Eggli] [1/2] (Ruschia lisabeliae L.Bolus, 1966).
Note
geographic epithets (besides isabelianus, isabelensis):
- Municipio de Santa Isabel :
Senecio isabelis S.Díaz, 1983
- in prov. Rio Grande do Sul:
Isabelle : Jatropha isabelli Müll.Arg.
Jarmila
Epithet:
jarmilae [ut15]
-
Jarmila Haldová, wife [by Halda] [Eggli] [ut15]
Jessica
Launched by Shakespeare.
Epithet jessicae [ut7]. Case:
- Jessica Strid, daughter [1/2] (Hypocalymma jessicae Strid &
Keighery, 2003)
Jo(h)anna
(Hanneke, Hannie, Hansje,
Janet(te), Janny, Jantien, Jean(ne(te)), Jeanine, Joan(nie), Joanne, Johanna,
Joke)
Feminine
form of Johannes (or Joannes, closer to the Greek original)
Epithet jo(h)annae
[ut7?]. Cases:
- Frl. Johanna Witasek [1/2] (Solanum johannae Bitter, 1913)
- Hannelore Weberling [uxor] [1/2] (Valeriana johannae Weberling, 2001)
- Betty Jean Welsh [daughter] [1/2] (Cirsium joannae S.L.Welsh, N.D.Atwood & L.C.Higgins 2003 )
Note: the epithet johannae has been used to refer to an island in the Comores [ut4 or more?]
associated forms:
Rec 60C.1: janetiae [1/2]. Case:
- Janet Kuhn [1/2] (Masdevallia janetiae Luer, 1978, syn Dracula janetiae (Luer) Luer, 1978; Pleurothallis janetiae Luer, 1979, syn Stelis
janetiae (Luer) Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, 2001)
jeanae
- Miss Jean Buckingham (Mirbelia jeanae Blakely, 1938)
Rec. 60C.1:
- my wife [1/2] (Thesium jeaniae J.P.M.Brenan, 1979)
- my wife Jeany Vander Neut-Davidse [1/2] (Axonopus jeanyae
Davidse, 1987)
Note the correctable Drakaea jeanensis R.S.Rogers, 1920, after Miss Jean Buckingham
joanae
- ??? (Helianthemum × carmen-joanae
J.Mansanet & I.Mateu, 1985)
jenniae
- Jenny Holmes nee [sic] Todd [1/2] (Jasminum jenniae W.K.Harris & G.Holmes, 1999)
Rec. 60C.1:
- Jenny Sutherland [1/2] (Strobilanthes jennyae J.R.I.Wood, 1994).
Note adjective jennyanus [ut4] after a
surname Jenny (or Zollinger-Jenny)
Josephina
Feminine form of Joseph
Epithet: josephinae [ut15]. Case:
- Josephine Beyers [1/2] (Felicia josephinae
J.C.Manning & Goldblatt, 2002)
An old name, presumably of dual origin (Biblical, Old Testament, Jehudith, Apocrypha, Judit, mixed with Germanic Jutte, Jutta, etc). In use as a given name for over a thousand years but apparently only recently used in an epithet judithiae [1/2], adjective judithiana [1/2].
Rec 60C.1: judithiae [1/2] [unverified]
Coelogyne judithiae P.Taylor, 1977
Dendrobium judithiae P.O'Byrne, 1999
Logania judithiana B.J.Conn,
1994
associated form: juttae. One case:
- Jutta Dinter: juttae [ut30].
Julia
(Julie, Juliet)
Feminine form of Julius. Two saints by this name, one to die between 270 and 275 AD.
Epithet: juliae [ut7]. Case:
- Julia Nesom [1/2] (Solidago juliae G.L.Nesom, 1989)
Rec 60C.1: julieae [1/2]. Case:
- Dra Julie Dutilh [1/2] (Alstroemeria julieae M.C.Assis, 2002)
Rec 60C.1: julietiae [1/2]. Case:
- Juliet (wife) [1/2] (Ravenea julietiae
H.J.Beentje, 1994)
Katharina see Catharina
Epithet: laurae [at most ut4].
Case:
- Laura Liberatore [1/2] (Matelea laurae Morillo, 1985
Note: an interesting geographical epithet
after Miss Laura’s Hill: Eugenia laurae Proctor, 1982
One case found of the epithet leonardae
but this proves to be based on a surname: it is to be corrected to leonardiae.
Liliana
(Lily, Lilian, Lillian,
Liliane)
English in origin, either derived from Elisabeth or inspired by Latin “lilium” (“lily”).
Epithet lilianae [ut7]. Cases:
- Mrs Lillian Wiggins Severin (Lil Severin) [1/2] (Masdevallia lilianae
Luer, 1991)
- Lil Severin
[1/2] (Pleurothallis
lilianae Luer, 2003)
- [Lilian S. Gibbs?] [1/2] (Diplycosia lilianae J.J.Sm., 1917)
- my mother Edith
Lilian Barrington [1/2] (Polystichum lilianae Barrington,
2003)
Adjective is most curious: lilianus [ut4] (as if based on Lilia), cf. Maximilian. Cases:
- my wife Lilian [1/2] (Conophytum lilianum Littlew., 1966)
- in honorem Lidiae Golicin nomino [1/2] (Dryopteris liliana
Golicin, 1933)
Rec 60C.1: lilianiae [1/2]. Case:
- Lilian S. Gibbs [1/2] (Alsophila lilianiae R.Tryon, 1970)
Rec 60C.1: lilianeae [1/2]
- Dr Liliane Forneris [1/2] (Halodule lilianeae
den Hartog, 1972).
(Lucia, Lucie, Lucy)
Feminine
form of Lucius, derived from ‘lux’ (= “light”, cf Bertha, Clara).
Saints:
St.Lucia died c 304.
Epithet luciae [ut15]. Cases:
- Mademoiselle Lucy Dufour [Eggli] [1/2] (Kalanchoe luciae Raym.-Hamet, 1908)
- minha
esposa Lucia / wife Lúcia [1/2] (Heliconia luciae Barreiros, 1992; Trichilia luciae Barreiros, 1994)
- Miss Lucy M.Cranwell [1/2] (Viola × luciae Skottsb., 1939)
Plural: luciarum [1/2]
- Lucy M.Cranwell and Lucy B.Moore (“The Two Lucies”) [1/2] (Festuca luciarum
H.E.Connor, 1998)
Note luciae [ut4] after a geographic feature (also sanctae-luciae [ut7]):
- Lucie R.[iver, Suriname] [1/2] (Eugenia luciae
Amshoff, 1950)
- Santa Lucia Mountains [1/2] (Camissonia luciae P.H.Raven, 1969, syn Oenothera luciae (P.H.Raven) J.T.Howell, 1973)
- Ile Ste Lucie [France] [1/2] (Sideritis luciae Sennen, 1936).
Note lucyi after Lucy,
French horticulturist, bearer of the grand cross of the Legion of Honor [1/2] (Archidendron lucyi F.Muell., 1865, syn Albizia lucyi (F.Muell.) F.Muell., 1888, syn Affonsea lucyi (F.Muell.) Kuntze, 1891, syn Pithecellobium lucyi (F.Muell.) Mohlenbr., 1966)
The adjective luciana will refer to a geographical feature (out of a choice of several)
(Louette, Louise, Louisa)
Feminine
form of Ludovicus.
Epithet ludovicae [ut4]
associated forms:
louisae [ut7]. Cases:
- Louisa Hutchison [Eggli] [1/2] (Mammillaria louisae
G.E.Linds., 1960, syn Neomammillaria louisae
(Linds.) Y.Ito, 1981)
- Mrs L.Bolus [1/2] (Oxalis louisae Salter, 1932)
Rec 60C.1: louiseae [ut4]. Case:
- Louise Kartesz [mother] [1/2] (Cynanchum louiseae J.T.Kartesz & K.N.Gandhi, 1991)
luisae [1/2]
luizae [1/2]
Lydia
Greek in origin. New Testament.
Epithet lydiae [ut15].
Cases:
- Lydia Köhres [1/2] (Tillandsia lydiae Ehlers, 2000)
- Lydia Triebner [Eggli] [1/2] (Ophthalmophyllum lydiae Jacobsen, 1948, syn Conophytum lydiae (Jac.) G.D.Rowley, 1978)
Magdalena
(Madelaine, Madelein(e),
Magdalena)
New Testament.
Epithet magdalenae [ut7?]. Cases:
- Madelaine Durchud [1/2] (Angraecum magdalenae Schltr. & Perrier,
1925)
- Madeleine
Stehlé [1/2] (Ardisia
magdalenae Stehlé, 1961; Eupatorium magdalenae Stehlé, 1962)
- Frau
Hauptmann Magdalena Prince [1/2] (Solanum magdalenae Dammer, 1906)
Note compound epithet: Hieracium magdalenae-kaeseriae Kaser & Zahn
ex Kaser & Sulg., 1916)
Note: Most cases of magdalenae [ut60] appear to refer to geographic features, notably the province Magdalena, Colombia.
- Mrs. Lynn Wellenstein [1/2] (Paphiopedilum lynniae Garay, 1996)
- Lynn O’Shaughnessy [1/2] (Masdevallia lynniana Luer, 2004; likely Lepanthes lynniana Luer, 2002)
Maga???
- Madame Mag F. [1/2] (Sedum magae Raym.-Hamet, 1914)
Margarita
(Grietje, Margaret, Marge,
Margherita, Margo, Margy, Margreet, Margriet)
Very old name, believed to be Babylonian (“daughter of the sea” / “child of light” ), but with Greek (‘Margaritès’ = “pearl”) and Latin (Margarita) forms. St Margareta of Antioch is believed to have died in 307. In use as a given name in the West from the Middle Ages onwards.
margaritae [ut30]:
Margaret Mee
Margarita Hernández de Gonzáles
margaretae [ut30+]
Margareth Emmerich
Margaret McKee
late Mrs A. Margaret Stokes
Margaret Thomas
margarethae [ut7]
- Margaretha Wiese [1/2] (Bulbine margarethae
L.I.Hall, 1984)
(margarettae [ut7] )
Miss Margherita A. King [1/2] (Eugenia margarettae
Alain, 1963, syn Myrcia margarettae (Alain)
Alain, 1985)
Margaret Henry Newland [ut7] as margaretta
(in apposition).
margretae [1/2]:
- mother Margret Ittenbach [1/2] (Amorphophallus margretae
S.Ittenbach, 1997)
Rec 60C.1: margretiae [?1/2]
Associated form:
ritae [1/2]
Mrs Rita Tingey [1/2] (Sarcolobus ritae
P.I.Forst., 1991)
Maria
(Maaike, Marian(ne), Mariette,
Marij(k)e, Marilyn, Mariam, Marion, Mariska, Marja, Mirjam)
Old Testament name of uncertain origin. Hebrew form is Miriam, translated into the Greek as Mariam, and into Latin as Maria. Famous from the New Testament. Close to a thousand years in use as Maria.
epithet mariae [ut100]. Some cases:
- Mrs. Mary Strong Clemens [ut7]
- Marie L. Wurdack [ut7]
- mademoiselle Marie Longuet [1/2]
- Maria Maguidaura Hatschbach [1/2] (Banisteriopsis mariae
W.R.Anderson, 1999)
- Maria Werneck de Castro [1/2?] (Ficus mariae C.C.Berg
& al., 1999; Dorstenia mariae Carauta &
al., 2002)
- Empress of Russia [1/2] (Heliconia mariae Hook.f., 1864)
- Blessed Mother...namesake of the
volcano (Passiflora sanctae-mariae
J.M.MacDougal, 1995)
associated forms:
marenae [1/2]. Case:
- Maren B. Parsons [Eggli] [1/2] (Opuntia marenae S.H.Parsons, 1936, syn Marenopuntia marenae (S.H.Parsons) Backeb., 1950, syn Pterocactus marenae (S.H.Parsons) G.D.Rowley, 1958, syn Grusonia marenae (S.H.Parsons) E.F.Anderson, 1999, syn Corynopuntia marenae (S.H.Parsons) M.P.Griff., 2002)
mariamae [1/2].
Case:
- ? ? ? [1/2] (Polygala mariamae Tamamsch., 1936)
marianae [?ut7]. Case:
- Marian Marloth [Eggli] [ut4?] (Mesembryanthemum marianae L.Bolus 1924, syn Ruschia marianae (L.Bolus) Schwantes, 1949; presumably also Cotyledon marianae Marloth, 1907; Eriospermum × marianae Marloth ex A.V.Duthie, 1940, no latin descr.)
mariannae [ut7+?]. Case:
- Marianne Akers [1/2] (Sobralia mariannae Dressler, 2002)
Note mariannae can be geographic, as in Solanum mariannae Dun [in Brasilia circa Marianna]. This epithet mariannae
[1/2?] may also refer to Mariana Islands, as may mariannarum [1/2] or
the more typical mariannensis [ut30].
Note the correctable Wallichia marianniae Hodel, 1997 after “my wife Marianne”
mariettae [1/2]
marionae [ut4]. Cases:
- Miss Marion E. Blenkiron [1/2] Moraea marionae N.E.Br., 1929)
- Mrs Marion Vernay [1/2] (Maesa marionae Merr., 1941)
- Miss Marion Riversmoore [1/2] (Cissus marionae Exell & Mendonca, 1952, syn Cyphostemma marionae (Exell & Mendonca) Descoings, 1967)
Note:
- Marion Jansen-Jacobs [f]: Qualea marionii Marc.-Berti, 2002, and Cordia marioniae Feuillet, 2003
maritae [ut4].
Cases:
- Marita Specks
[Eggli] [1/2] (Brachystelma maritae R.Peckover, 1996; Euphorbia maritae W.Rauh, 1999)
- Marita Oppenheimer, née Lewis [1/2] (Cyanea
maritae Lammers & H.Oppenh., 2004)
miriamae
[1/2]. Case:
- Mrs Miriam Davis [1/2] (Crassula miriamae Ostenfeld, 1918)
The adjective marianus is often used descriptively (“with mottled leaves”, from having caught the drops of Maria’s milk) or geographical (of the Mariana Islands, or various other geographical features) but occasionally refers to a person. Case:
- Annemarie Cleef, [wife of Antoine M. Cleef] [1/2] (Espeletia annemariana Cuatrec.1975)
Martha
(Marta, Marte, Martha)
Aramaic in origin. The sister of Mary Magdalin and Lazarus
Epithet marthae [ut15]. Cases:
- Martha Backer-Van der Ley [1/2] (Dryopteris marthae Alderw., 1911)
- Martha C.L.Lang [1/2] (Polypodium marthae
Alderw., 1914)
- wife Marta Nowack Cuatrecasas
[1/2] (Protium marthae
Cuatrec., 1957; Espeletia marthae Cuatrec., 1977)
- Sra Martha Posada de Robledo [ut4] (Lepanthes marthae Luer & R.Escobar, 1991; Masdevallia marthae Luer & R.Escobar, 1979; Pleurothallis marthae Luer & R.Escobar 1996)
- uxori carissimae Olga Martha
Moniel [1/2] (Marsdenia
olgamarthae W.D.Stevens, 2000)
variant: martae [ut4]. Case:
- Martha Martínez Gordillo [1/2] (Bursera martae
J.Jiménez Ram. & Cruz Durán, 2001)
Note: the epithet marthae can also be geographic, cf sanctae-martae [ut30] and sanctae-marthae [ut4].
(Martina, Martine)
Feminine form of Martin.
Epithet martinae [1/2]. Case:
- Miss Martine Bardot-Vaucoulon
[Eggli] [1/2] (Euphorbia
martinae W.Rauh, 1999)
Note: Miss B.E.Martin [1/2] (Lachenalia martinae
W.F.Barker, 1979) correctly martiniae
Mathilda
(Machteld, Mathilde, Mechteld,
Tilly)
Germanic in origin, basic form will be Ma(c)hthild. Saints: St Mathilde died 968.
epithet mathildae [ut15]. Cases:
- Mathilde de Palézieux [1/2] (Pulsatilla mathildae Palez., 1919, with pro syn Anemone mathildae)
- Mrs Mathilde Wagner [Eggli] [1/2] (Mammillaria mathildae Krähenb. &
Krainz, 1973)
associated form:
- Melita Horst [Eggli] [1/2] (Frailea melitae
Buining & Brederoo, 1974)
Feminine form of Michael
Epithet: michaelae [1/2]. Case:
- amicae meae Michaela Šourková,
botanico Bohemico [1/2]
(Myosotis michaelae J.Štepánková, 1994)
Mildreda
(Mildred)
Old English in origin. Saint: St Mildred died c 734. Revived as a given name in the nineteenth century.
Epithet: mildredae [ut7].
Cases:
- my daughter, Mrs Mildred G. Pritchett [1/2] (Phaeostoma mildredae A.Heller, 1940, syn Clarkia mildrediae (A.Heller) F.H.Lewis & M.R.Lewis, 1953)
- Mrs Mildred A. Exell [1/2-?] (Heeria mildredae Meikle, 1952, syn Ozoroa mildredae (Meikle) R.Fern. & A.Fern., 1965)
- Mildred Mathias [1/2] (Gonzalagunia mildredae D.R.Simpson
ex C.M.Taylor, 1992)
Adjective: mildrediana [1/2]
Mireille
Recent.
Epithet: mireillae [1/2]. Case:
- Mireille Laudrin, wife [Eggli]
[1/2] (Caralluma
mireillae Lavranos, 1969, syn Caudanthera mireillae (Lavranos)
D.C.H.Plowes, 1995)
(Monica, Moniek, Monique)
Origin unknown, possibly from Carthage. Very long in use as a given name.
Epithet monicae [1/2]. Case:
- Monique Keraudren-Aymonin [1/2] (Begonia monicae G.Aymonin
& J.Bosser, 1983)
Adjective: monicanus [1/2].
Case:
- Monica de Navarro [1/2] (Masdevallia monicana
Luer, 1998)
Note: monicae can be
geographic [1/2] (Sa. Monica Mountains), also sanctae-monicae [1/2]
Muriela
(Muriel)
Gaelic in origin. Basic form is Muriel.
Back in use as a given name since the nineteenth century.
Epithet murielae [ut4]. Cases:
- Muriel Wilson [1/2?] (Rosa murielae
Rehder & Wilson, 1915; Arundinaria murielae Gamble, 1920, syn Sinarundinaria murielae (Gamble) Nakai, 1935, syn Fargesia murielae (Gamble) T.P.Yi, 1983, syn Thamnocalamus murieliae (Gamble) J.-P.Demoly, 1990)
- Stapleton: Muriel Erskine [1/2] (Gladiolus murielae
Hort., 1932, syn Acidanthera murielae Hoog, 1946)
Natalia
(Natalia, Natalie, Nathalia,
Nathalie)
Latin in origin “natalis” = “of the birth”.
Epithet: nataliae [ut4].Cases:
- mother of [discoverer] (Impatiens nataliae Hook.f., 1910)
- ... Nataliae Wildpret Zuzaga
dedicamus (Vicia
nataliae U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.,
1999).
variant: : nathaliae [ut7+]. Case:
- Nathalie Labat [1/2] (Millettia nathaliae D.J.Du Puy & J.-N.Labat, 1995)
Note the use of natalia as a noun in apposition
(deliberately so) in Dioscorea
natalia Hammel, 2000), after Natalia, daughter of
illustrator. Even more curious is the use of natalia as the latinized
form of a given name, used as a noun in apposition, in Ammandra natalia Balslev
& A.Hend., 1987, syn Aphandra natalia (Balslev
& A.Hend.) A.S.Barfod, 1991) after Dr Natalie Uhl
Odette
Epithet: odetteae [1/2]
Especially popular in Russia.
Epithet: olgae [ut60+]. Cases:
- Olga Fedtschenko (née Armfeld) [ut60?]
- Olga Stewart [1/2] (Taraxacum olgae A.J.Richards, 1981)
- miss Olga Herrera [1/2] (Psychotria olgae Dwyer & M.V.Hayden, 1968)
Adjective: olganus [1/2]
Epithet: oliviae [at most 1/2]. Case:
- Olivia Converse [1/2] (Erythrina oliviae Krukoff, 1969)
Adjective: olivianus [at most 1/2]
Patricia
Epithet patriciae [ut7]. Ca